iosr-JEEE   Volume-2 ~ Issue-3

Abstract: As people over the world continue to search for renewable energy sources, innovative and interesting ideas for generating power are constantly being devised. Those interested in keeping fit and doing exercise in a day to day life, they are using various equipments to burn their calories. Now-a-days spin bike was commonly used in gym as well as home for fitness purpose. In that 4-5 kcal/min of human calories is wasted without any usage. To know the fitness level of human can be find out through laboratory based Vo2 Max test. This is much costly and needs more complex equipments The objective of the project is to generate the power from the spin bike and to find out the fitness level of human by conducting VO2 max Level test. In this project, the ergo meter cycle is coupled with the PMDC generator which will produce the electrical power when we pedal the cycle. Due to the rotational movement of wheel the generator start rotating and cut the magnetic flux, an EMF get induced. The voltage produced by the bike can be stored in a battery. The heartbeat of the person can be obtained from the heart beat sensor which is used to find the v2 max level of the person. Here the Lab VIEW is used for monitor and control the various parameters of bike such as Calories burned, VO2 max level, heart rate, MET, BMI, Power, battery Status, Speed, Workout Time and Distance.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VO2_max
[2] http://stevejenkins.com/blog/2012/05/knowing-myself-part-deux-and-updated-vo2-max-data-from-cycling-test/
[3] http://pedalpowergenerator.com/how-to-build-a-bicyle-generator-free-power.html.
[4] http://www.brianmac.co.uk/astrand.html.
[5] http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/astrand.htm
[6] ASTRAND,P.O.& RHYMING,I.(1954) a monogram for calculate the aerobic capacity
[7] MACKENZIE .B.(2007) Astrand 6 minute cycle test

Abstract: In our enhancing world power production is very less and the power production causes many factors. So we should manage power with efficient way and should reduce power wastage. Use the power in proper manner. And also we need a source that will not affect our environment. Need of power in our world is very high, so for producing electricity some renewable energy sources are required. This type of renewable source is "RUBBER ANACONDA". Wave power is used to produce electricity from this rubber anaconda. Let us peep inside the real world of Rubber Anaconda. This is one of the renewable energy using wave power. In this a rubber tube is used to produce power. In the rubber tube both ends are closed and one end of the tube connected with turbine and generator. Wave energy from the sea is converted inside the rubber as kinetic energy. This kinetic energy is used to drive the turbine and the turbine shaft is connected with the generator from that we produce electricity. This electricity is taken outside via cable. The production of power by using this anaconda is very low cost. Electricity produced from anaconda is capable of supplying power for more than 2000 houses. Since water in the sea will not shrunken till the end of the mankind, the production of power will be continuous.

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[3] Farley, F.J.M. & Rainey, R.C.T., 2006 Distensible tube wave energy converter. British Patent Application
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Abstract: In control systems there are a number of generic systems and methods which are encountered in all areas of industry and technology. From the dozens of ways to control any system, it turns out that fuzzy is often the very best way. The only reasons are faster and cheaper. One of successful application that used fuzzy control is water tank level control. The purpose of this project is to design a simulation system of fuzzy logic controller for water tank level control by using simulation package which is Fuzzy Logic Toolbox and Simulink in MATLAB software. In order to find the best design to stabilize the water level in the system, some factors will be considered. For this project, the water level was controlled by using three rules of membership function which then extended to five rules and seven rules for verification purpose and further improvement of the system. Besides that, several of different methods also been used in order to design the most stabilize system and this project was focused to the software part only. By doing some modification of this project, the design will be very useful for the system relates to liquid level control that widely use in industry nowadays.

[1] Fuzzy PID Supervision for a Nonlinear, System: Design and Implementation Multimedia Communications (Mediacom), 2010 International Conference on, Date of Conference: 7-8 Aug. 2010 Author(s): Qianhua Xiao Dept. of Inf. Eng., Nanchang Univ., Nanchang, China Deqiong Zou ; Ping Wei
[2] Fuzzy PID Supervision for a Nonlinear, System: Design and Implementation Fuzzy Information Processing Society, 2007. NAFIPS '07. Annual Meeting of the North American Date of Conference: 24-27 June 2007 Author(s): Sehab, R. Pare Univ. Laval-Change, Laval
[3] Parallel distributed compensator design for process control based on fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno model Power Engineering and Automation Conference (PEAM), 2011 IEEE Date of Conference: 8-9 Sept. 2011 Author(s): Sadeghi, M.S. Control & Power Eng. Dept., Shiraz Univ. of Technol., Shiraz, Iran Farughian, A.
[4] Swarm Intelligence Based Fuzzy Controller -- A Design for Nonlinear Water Level Tank Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS), 2012 Third International Conference on Date of Conference: 8-10 Feb. 2012 Author(s): Joshani, M. Dept. of Robot. & Autom. Control, Univ. of Technol. of Malaysia, Malaysia Khalid, M. ; Yusof, R. ; Cahyadi, A.I.
[5] Development and application of a gradient descent method in adaptive model reference fuzzy control. TENCON 2000. Proceedings Date of Conference: 2000 Author(s): Naman, A.T. Electr. Eng. Dept., Univ. Malaya Abdulmuin, M.Z. ; Arof, H.
[6] Level Control in Horizontal Tank by Fuzzy Logic Controller SICE-ICASE, 2006. International Joint Conference Date of Conference: 18-21 Oct. 2006 Author(s): Tunyasrirut, S. Dept. of Instrum. Eng., Pathumwan Inst. Of Technol., Bangkok Wangnipparnto, S.
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[10] Babuˇska, R. and H.B. Verbruggen (1995). Identification of composite linear models via fuzzy clustering. In Proceedings European Control Conference, Rome, Italy, pp. 1207–1212.Bezdek, J.C. (1981). Pattern Recognition with Fuzzy Objective Function. Plenum Press, NewYork.

Abstract : A GA based optimal generation scheduling strategy is developed to solve the profit maximization problem for GENCO in the day ahead market. It is a multi objective formulation that includes the forecasted demand, forecasted market clearing price, startup cost and profit functions, besides the generating limits and demand constraints. The proposed GA approach is investigated on three unit and ten unit test systems and numerical results are tabulated. This results shows that this method effectively maximize the GENCO's profit and compared with that of a traditional methods.
Keywords: Electricity power market, Generation scheduling, Genetic algorithm, spinning reserve, GENC Profit.

[1.] Hunt. S, and Shutingworth. G "Competition and choice in Electricity", (john Wiley & Sons
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[4.] Mohammad Shahidehpour, H.Yamin, and Zuyili, "Market Operations in Electric Power Systems: Forecasting, Scheduling and Risk Management". New York: Wiley, Book- 2002.
[5.] G.B. Shrestha, and Qiao Songbo "Generation Scheduling for a Price Taker GENCO in Competitive Power Markets" 978-1-4244-3811-2/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE.
[6.] Mohammad Shahidehpour and Hatim yamin,salem, AI–agtash, "Security Constrained Optimal Generation Scheduling for GENCOs" IEEE Transactions on power systems, vol. 19, August 2004.
[7.] H.Y. Yamin, S.M. Shahidehpour"Self-scheduling and energy bidding in competitive electricity markets" Electric Power Systems Research, Volume 71, Issue 3, Pages 203-209 , November 2004.
[8.] Lei Wu, Mohammad Shahidehpour, Fellow, and Zuyi Li "GENCO's Risk-Constrained Hydrothermal Scheduling" IEEE transactions on power systems, vol. 23, No. 4, November 2008.
[9.] Pathom Attaviriyanupap, Hiroyuki Kita, Eiichi Tanaka, and Jun Hasegawa "A Hybrid LR–EP for Solving New Profit-Based UC Problem Under Competitive Environment" IEEE Transactions on power systems, vol. 18, No. 1, February 2003.
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Abstract: Power Quality problem is a big issue in Power Electronic based equipments and distribution system. In this paper we will describe different power terminologies and issues related to power quality. We also will analyze and simulate the compensation characteristic of different power circuit's topology with their respective control scheme.
Index term: Power quality, active power filter, Harmonic, non linear load, dual instantaneous reactive power theory,

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Abstract: A novel application of neural network approach to classify the fault types and to identify the faulty lines in a non radial power system network is demonstrated in this paper. EMTP software has been used to simulate the transmission line model. The simulation is followed by analysis of the current waveforms using wavelet transform in the MATLAB environment. The entropy values of the current signal obtained from wavelet transform have been fed into the neural network for automatic fault type classification and faulty line identification. It has been found that only three level of decomposition of the current signal is sufficient for analysis of faults. The adaptive discrimination scheme is tested under different types of faults, such as single line to ground faults, line-to-line faults, double line to ground faults and three phase symmetrical faults for different varying fault locations and fault resistances, on a given power system model. Results of performance studies show that the proposed scheme for fault diagnosis is able to classify all the faults and to identify the exact faulty lines on the non radial power system network rapidly and correctly.
Keywords - Entropy, Faults, Probabilistic neural network, Wavelet transform

[1] S. El. Safty & A. El-Zonkoly (2009), "Applying wavelet entropy principle in fault classification" Electrical Power and Energy Systems 31 pp.604-607
[2] Pradhan A. K. et Al. (Oct. 2004), "Wavelet-fuzzy Combined Approach for Fault Classification of a Series-Compensated Transmission Line" IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 19, No. 4.
[3] Jung. H et. al. (2007), "Novel Technique for Fault location estimation on parallel transmission lines using wavelet" Electrical Power and energy Systems 29 pp.76-82
[4] MATLAB 7.9.0 (R2009b) versionWavelet Toolbox, MathWorks Company.
[5] Kim. K.H. et al. (2007), "Wavelet and Neuro-Fuzzy Fault Location for Combined Transmission Systems" Electrical Power and Energy Systems 29 pp. 445-454
[6] Chunju. F et Al. (2007), "Application of Wavelet Fuzzy Neural Network in Location Single Line to Ground Fault (SLG) in Distribution Lines" Electric Power and Energy Systems 29 pp. 497-503
[7] Eisa. A. Amir. A. & Ramar. K, (2010) "Accurate one-end Fault location for Overhead Transmission Lines in Interconnected power system" Electrical Power and Energy Systems 32 pp. 383-389
[8] Salim. R.H et al. (April 2009), "Extended fault-Location Formulation for Power distribution Systems" IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol.24, No.2
[9] Borghetti. A et al. (2006), "On the Use of Continuous-Wavelet Transform for Fault Location in Distribution Power Systems" Electrical Power and Energy Systems 28 pp. 608-617
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Abstract: In orthopedic surgical simulators PMDC motors are used. A closed loop chopper controlled scheme employing PID controller is attempted in this paper, which employs two power electronic switches one for ON/OFF control and the other for speed control. The ON/OFF Control loop uses a hysteresis controller and a PID controller is used for effective speed control of the motor. The closed loop system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The responses of both the loops were analysed. The simulation results infer that this scheme can give efficient control of the motor.
Keywords: Chopper, Hysteresis controller, Orthopedic Surgical Simulators, PMDC motor, PID Controller

[1] Ann Majewicz, Jason Glasser, Rosemary Bauer, Stephen M. Belkoff, Simon C. Mears, Allison M. Okamur, "Design of a Haptic Simulator for Osteosynthesis Screw Insertion", IEEE Haptics Symposium 2010, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA, pp. 497-500, 25 - 26 March 2010.
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Abstract: This paper presents navigation system for an omni-directional AGV (automatic guided vehicle) with Mecanum wheels. The Mecanum wheel, one design for the wheel which can move in any direction, is a conventional wheel with a series of rollers attached to its circumference. The localization techniques for the general mobile robot use basically encoder. Otherwise, they use gyro and electronic compass with encoder. However, it is difficult to use the encoder because in the Mecanum wheel the slip occurs frequently by the rollers attached to conventional wheel's circumference. Hence, we propose the localization of the omni-directional AGV with the Mecanum wheel. The proposed localization uses encoder, gyro, and accelerometer. In this paper, we ourselves designed and made the AGV with the Mecanum wheels for experiment. And we analyzed the accuracy of the localization when the AGV moves sideways a 20m distance at about 20cm/s and 38cm/s, respectively. In experimental result, we verified that the accuracies of the proposed localization are 27.4944mm and 29.2521mm respectively.
Keywords: AGV, Mecanum wheel, Omni-directional

[1] A. Vis, Survey of research in the design and control of automated guided vehicle systems, Eu- ropean Journal of Operational Research, vol. 170, no. 3, pp. 677-709, 2006.
[2] C. W. Tan and S. S. Park, Design of accelerometer-based inertial navigation systems, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol.54, no. 6, pp. 2520-2030, 2005.
[3] K. L. Han, O. K. Choi, J. W. Kim, H. S. Kim, and J. S. Lee, Design and control of mobile robot with mecanum wheel, ICCAS-SICE, pp. 2932-2937, 2009.
[4] Dogandzic, J. Riba, G. Seco, and A. Lee Swindle-hurst, Positioning and navigation with appli- cations to communications, IEEE Signal Proc. Magazine, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 10-11, 2005.
[5] W. Tan and S. S. Park, Design of accelerometer-based inertial navigation systems, IEEE Trans- actions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol.54, pp. 2520-2030, 2005.
[6] J. K. Hwang, M. Uchanski, and C. K. Song, Vehicle speed estimation based on kalman filtering of accelerometer and wheel speed measurements, International Journal of Automotive Tech- nology, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 475-481, 2005.
[7] Q. Pingping, F. Li, and Z. Xin, Design of inertial navigation system based on micromechanical gyroscope and accelerometer, Control and Decision Conference, pp. 1351-1354, 2009.

Abstract: Control methods based on selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (SHE-PWM) techniques offer the lowest possible number of switching transitions. This feature also results in the lowest possible level of converter switching losses. For this reason, they are very attractive techniques for the voltage-source-converter-(VSC) based high-voltage dc (HVDC) power transmission systems. The paper discusses optimized modulation patterns which offer controlled harmonic immunity between the ac and dc side. The application focuses on the conventional two-level converter when its dc-link voltage contains a mix of low-frequency harmonic components. Simulation and experimental results are presented to confirm the validity of the proposed switching patterns.
Key words: Amplitude modulation (AM), dc-ac power conversion, harmonic control, HVDC, insulated-gate bipolar transistor(IGBT), Power electronics, power transmission system, pulse-width modulation, voltage-source converter (VSC).

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