iosr-JDMS   Volume-14 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2015

Abstract: Colon and rectal cancer is one of the common cancers among men and women from the Indian subcontinent. Faulty dietary habits and defective life style patterns resembling lack of exercise and smoking, physical status such as overweight have been proven to have serious impact in the etiology of colorectal cancer. The study comprises the documentation of the socio economic and lifestyle pattern of 100 newly diagnosed subjects with colorectal cancer. All the subjects were selected at random from Calicut District of Kerala, India. The selected patients were interviewed for collecting data using a well-structured schedule.

[[1]. M. Astin, T. Griffin, R. D. Neal, P. Rose, and W. Hamilton, The diagnostic value of symptoms for colorectal cancer in primary care: a systematic review, The British journal of Royal College of General Practice, 61(586), 2011, 231-243.
[2]. S. P. Nayak, M. P. Sasi, Sreejayan, and S. Mandal, A Case-control Study of Roles of Diet in Colorectal Carcinoma in a South Indian Population, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 10, 2009, 565-568.
[3]. P. Kodoth, Framing custom, directing practices: authority, property and matriling under colonical law in nineteenth century Malabar, Centre for Development Studies Working Papers, 338, 2002, 345- 347.

Keywords: Objective : Due to dietary life style changes & physical inactivity prevalence of obesity, chronic non communicable diseases are on the rise. Even though adult population suffers from cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, hypertension etc. its roots are seen in childhood and adolescent age. It is observed that medical students have poorer fitness levels than students from non-health related disciplines. So aim of present study is to assess status of physical fitness and effect of obesity on it.

[1]. K.Park-Parks textbook 0f preventive and social medicine.20th edition Banarsidas Bhonnot Publishers-2009 ; 341-349.
[2]. Jyoti P Khodnapur, Gopal b Danakshirur, Shrilaxmi Bagali, Lata M Mullur, Manjunath Aithala. Status of physical fitness index (PFI%) and parameters in Residential school children compared to Non residential School Children. Journal of Krishna Institute Of Medical Sciences University. 2012;1:2-3
[3]. Manmohan Gupta, Rajkumar Patil, Mohd. IqbalKhan, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta. The prevalence of obesity & hyper tension in urban Tamilnadu. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research. 2011; 5 :586 – 588.
[4]. Murray Longmore ,Ian B.Wilkinson, Edward H.Davidson etal. ,Oxford Handbook of Clinical medicine.8Th. Ed. Oxford University Press.2010;199-205.

Abstract: The aim of present study is to get comprehensive anatomical knowledge of the left foetal kidney in terms of length, breadth, thickness, hilum length, lobulations. Initially the study is planned in adults, but latter it is changed into fetuses. The left kidney is chosen as it is usually preferred for the renal transplantation and it is a little longer, narrower, heavier than right and lies nearer to median plane. The present study is carried out during the period of April2009 to November2009 in the Department of Anatomy, Guntur Medical College Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.

[1]. A. K. Datta. The Urogenital system (Kolkata, current Books international, 6th edition 2010) (16) pp: 205-6.
[2]. Woodjones F. Buchnans Manual of Anatomy, Balliere, Tindall and Co, London. 8th edition. 1949. Pp 43 & 816-882.
[3]. Standring S, Ellis H et al, Grays Anatomy, In chapter 91; kidney, Chapter 92; Ureter: 39th edition. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. Edinburg. 2005. Pp 1269- 1288.
[4]. Ningthoujam DD, Changtham RD et al, pelvi-calceal system in foetal and Adult human kidneys – SO: Journal of Anatomical Society of India, 2005 June; vol 54 (1) pp 1-11.
[5]. Arey LB. Developmental Anatomy. In Chapter xvii the urinary system. W. B. Saunders Co, Philadelphia. Toppan Company Ltd, Tokyo; 1965, pp306- 309.

Abstract: Background: Nasal polyposis is a very common condition seen in adults and encompasses a wide variety of lesions that have a common presentation. The role of mast cells in pathogenesis of allergic polyps has been under scrutiny for a long time. Aims: The aim of this study was to do a clinicopathological correlation of nasal polyps and also to compare the mast cell population in allergic and non allergic inflammatory polyps.

[1]. Stamm AC, Draf W. Microendoscopic Surgery of Paranasal Sinuses and the Skull Base. New York: Springer, 2000.
[2]. Lathi, M.M.A. Syed, P. Kalakoti, D. Qutub. Clinico-pathological profile of sinonasal masses:a study from a tertiary care hospital of India. ACTA otorhinolaryngologica ita lica 2011;31:372-377
[3]. U. Zafar, N. Khan, N. Afroz, S. A. Hasan. Clinicopathological study of non-neoplastic lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2008 Jan-Mar;51(1):26-9.
[4]. S. Shulbha, B. S. Dayananda. Clinicopathological study of nasal polyps with special reference to mast cells in inflammatory polyps. Basic and Applied Pathology 2012; 5: 59–62
[5]. Mysorekar VV, Dandekar CP, Rao SG. Mast cell quantitation in non neoplastic polypoidal nasal lesions. Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 2004;56(2):87-8.

Abstract: Airway management difficulties continue to be problematic to the anaesthesiologists as it is the major cause for anaesthesia related morbidity and mortality. Difficult airway includes difficult intubation (DI), difficult mask ventilation (DMV) or both. Most of the anaesthesiologists concentrate on predicting difficult intubation, but give very little attention to difficult mask ventilation. Unpredicted difficult mask ventilation can be life threatening to a patient with difficult intubation as it may result into can't ventilate – can't intubate scenario.

[1]. Caplan RA, Posner KL, Ward RJ, Cheney FW. Adverse respiratory events in anesthesia: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 72(5);1990 May:828-33
[2]. Domino KB, Posner KL, Caplan RA, Cheney FW. Airway injury during anaesthesia: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology 91;1999:1703-11
[3]. Adnet F. Difficult mask ventilation: an underestimated aspect of the problem of the difficult airway? Anesthesiology 92;2000:1217-18
[4]. Kheterpal S, Martin L, Shanks AM, Tremper KK. Prediction and outcomes of impossible mask ventilation: a review of 50,000 anesthetics. Anesthesiology 110;2009:891-7
[5]. Wong DT, Lai K, Chung FF, HO RY. Cannot intubate – cannot ventilate and difficult intubation strategies: result of a Canadian national survey. Anesth Analg 100;2005:1439-46

Abstract: Background: In India adolescents (10-19) constitute 21.4% of population, comprising one fifth of the total population. Growth monitoring by anthropometric measurement during this period is not only a health indicator but also a predictor of various morbidity in the community. Objectives: To study the 1. Socioeconomic status of study population. 2. To assess the nutritional status of a dolescents by anthropometry. Methodology: A Community based cross- sectional study was done.A sample of 100 adolescent girls who were attending Anganwadi centers were included; pretested questionnaires was administered and height and weight were recorded.

[1]. Dambhare Dg, Bharambe MS, Mehendale AM, Nutritional Status and Morbidity among School going Adolescents in Wardha, a Peri-Urban area.Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences.Peer Reviewed, Open Access, Free Online JournalPublished Quarterly: Mangalore, South India: ISSN 0972-5997Volume 9, Issue 2; Apr-Jun 2010
[2]. K. Prashant and Chandan Shaw. Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls from an Urban Slum Area in South India. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 76-May, 2009
[3]. K. Anand, S. Kant, S.K. Kapoor. Nutritional Status of Adolescent School Children in Rural North India. From the Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project, Ballabgarh, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
[4]. Beena Sachan, Mohammad Zafar Idris, Savita Jain, Reema Kumari, Ashutosh Singh. Nutritional Status of school going adolescent Girls in Lucknow DistrictJournal of Medical Nutrition and Nutraceuticals, Vol 1/ Issue 2/ Jul-Dec 2012
[5]. M. KALHAN, B. Vashisht, V kumar, S Sharma, Nutritional Status of adolescent Girls of rural Haryana.The Internet Journal of Epidemiology. 2009 Volume 8 Number 1.

Abstract: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of parotid gland is a rare aggressive malignancy. Detailed clinical and histological examination is necessary to differentiate this tumour from metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and other primary malignancies of parotid. We present a case of 55 year old male with primary squamous cell carcinoma of parotid. 80% of these tumours arise in the parotid gland and 20% in the submandibular gland.

Keywords: Parotid tumours, Squamous cell carcinoma.

[1]. Lewis JE, Olsen KD. Squamous cell carcinoma. In: Barnes L, Eveson JW, Reichart P, Sidransky D, eds. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Pathology and genetics of head and neck tumours. Lyon: IARC Press, 2005:245–6.
[2]. Taxy JB. Squamous carcinoma in major salivary gland: a review of diagnostic considerations .Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001,125:740-745
[3]. Cheuk W, Chan JKC. Salivary gland tumours. In: Fletcher CDM, ed. Diagnostic histopathology of tumours. 2nd edn. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000:287–303.
[4]. Ellis GL, Auclair PL, Gnepp DR (1991). Surgical Pathology of the Salivary Glands. WB Saunders: Philadelphia.

Abstract: The antibacterial activities of methanolic, aqueous and chloroform root extracts of Nauclea latifolia were microbiologically investigated against some clinical bacterial isolates and reference organisms using microdilution indicator technique and conventional Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion technique. Nauclea latifolia roots extracts were phytochemically screened. Nauclea latifolia, root extracts revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids and terpenoids. The Nauclea latifolia root extracts exhibited antibacterial activities against both the clinical isolates and reference organisms at varying degrees.

[1]. Abiodun, F., Igwe, A. and Obasuyi O. (2007). Anti-microbial evaluation of a herbal dental remedy: stem bark of Nauclea latifolia-family Rubiaacea. Journal of Applied Sciences 7 (18): 2696-2700.
[2]. Akpanabiatu, M.I., I.B. Umoh, E.O. Udosen, A.E. Udoh and E.E. Edet. (2005). The medicinal properties of Nauclea latifolia, Ind. J. Clin. Biochem. 20: 29-34.
[3]. Banso, A. and Olutimayin, O.O. (2001). Phytochemical and antibacterial evaluation of aqueous extracts of Daniella oliveri and Nauclea latifolia. Nig. J. Biotech. 12(1): 114-118.
[4]. Deeni, Y. and H. Hussain. (1991). Screening for antimicrobial activity and for alkaloids of Nauclea latifolia. J. Ethnopharmacol. 35: 91–96.
[5]. Drummond, A.J. and Waigh, R.D. (2000). The development of microbiological methods for phytochemical screening . Recent Rresearch in Development. Phytochemistry 4: 143-152.

Abstract: Background: Cranio-cerebral injuries are most common cause of hospital admission following trauma with associated long-term morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and management is very important. CT helps in evaluation of traumatic lesions of brain, cranial vault and extra-cranial soft tissues. Objective: Age and gender distribution, symptoms, presence of bony fracture, extra-cranial soft tissue injury, extra-axial hematoma, cerebral contusions, diffuse cerebral edema, diffuse axonal injury, intra-ventricular hemorrhage were evaluated and analyzed.

[1]. Pruthi N, Chandramouli BA, Sampath S, Devi BI. Patterns of head injury among drivers and pillion riders of motorised two-wheeled vehicles in Bangalore. Indian Journal of neurotrauma 2010; 7(2) : 123-28.
[2]. Kumar A, Lalwani S, Agarwal D, Rautji R. Fatal road traffic accidents and their relationship with head injuries: An epidemiological survey of five years. Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2008; 5(2): 63-67.
[3]. Agrawal A. Fatal road traffic cranio-cerebral injuries: Time to act and need to study. The Indian journal of neurotrauma 2012; 9(2):156-57.
[4]. Mohan D. Road Traffic Deaths and Injuries in India: Time for Action: The National medical Journal of India 2004, 17(2), 63-66
[5]. Ahmed S, Khan S, Agarwal D, Sharma BS. Out come in Head Injured patients :Experience at a level 1 Trauma Centre. Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2009; 6(2): 119-22.

Abstract: Background: Myocardial Infarction is the most common form of heart disease and the single most important cause of death in the developed and developing world. Myocardial infarction is the irreversible necrosis of heart muscle secondary to prolonged ischemia. The death of heart muscle from the sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot.

[1]. National Cholesterol Education Program. (1994): Second report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II). Circulation 89,1333-1445.
[2]. Goswami, K. and Bandyopadhyay, Y.(2003):Lipid profile in middle class Bengali population of Kolkata. Ind. J. of Clin. Biochem.; 18:127-130.
[3]. Rosenson, R. S. (1993): Myocardial injury: the acute phase response and lipoprotein metabolism. J Am Coll Cardiol 22,933-940. [4]. Tanne D., Koren-Morgan, Graff E. and Goldbourt U. (2001):Blood lipids and first-ever stroke/transient ischemic attack the bezafibrate infarction prevention registry: High triglycerides consistute an independent risk factor. Circulation; 104:2892-2897.
[5]. Ridker P. M., Rifai N., Clearfield M., Downs J. R., Weis S. E., Miles J. S., Gotto A. M. (2001):Measurement of C-reactive protein for the targeting of statin therapy in the primary prevention of acute coronary events. N Engl J Med.; 344: 1959–1965

Abstract: Periodontology is advancing in the field of technological advancements in diagnostic as well as treatment and preventive strategies. Periodontal vaccine is also the brain child of one such innovative thought Vaccination is a process that induces specific immune resistance to a bacterial or viral infectious disease. Vaccines have prevented several infectious diseases for many years, and are still being investigated. Regarding a vaccine against the periodontal disease, the complexity of the periodontopathic bacteria might be a problem in determination of Antigens.

[1]. Roitt, Brostoff, Male. Text book of Immunology, Fourth Edition1998
[2]. .Reid R and Roberts F.Textbook of pathology illustrated 6th Ed. Churchill Livingstone;2005
[3]. .Grossi SG, Zambon 11, Ho AW, Koch G, Dunford RG, Machtei EE,et al. Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. I. Risk indicatorsfor attachment loss. J Periodontol 1994;65:260-267.
[4]. Page RC, Genco RJ. Mucosal immunity and periodontitis: Mucosalvaccines. San Diego: Academic Press 1996;437-449.
[5]. Kudyar N,Dani N and Mahale S.Periodontal Vaccine:A dream or reality, Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology 2011;15(2):115-120

Abstract: Background:Acute pancreatitis is a common and challenging medical emergency seen in Gastroenterology practice. While alcohol, gallstone and viruses are the common causes, one also comes across cases like Primary Hyperparathyroidism(PHPT). It is unusual for PHPT to present with acute pancreatitis as the first event. In this case report we wish to high light the case of a young male who presented with a severe episode of acute pancreatitis which was due to PHPT caused by an adenoma in the parathyroid gland.

[1]. Longo, Fauci ,Kasper, Hauser, Jameson, Loscalzo et al., editors. Harrison's principles of internal medicine 18th ed. New York McGraw Hill 2012.
[2]. Mark Feldman MD, Lawrence.S.Friedman MD, Lawrence J Brandt MD, editors. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver disease Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management 10th ed. Elsevier Saunders 2016
[3]. Dr A.Sitges-Serra, M.Alonso, C. De Lecca, P.F. Gores, D.E.R Sutherland.Pancreatitis and Hyperparathyroidism British Journal Of Surgery volume 75 issue 2 pages 158-160 February 1988.
[4]. Teck Kim Khoo, Santhi Swaroop Vege, Haitham S. Abu-Lebdeh, Euijung Ryu, Sarah Nadeem, and Robert A. Wermers. JClin Endocrinol Metab 94: 2114-2118, 2009.

Abstract: Objective: To Prove the effect of genistein in variousdosesat the content of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in peri-toneal tract of endometriosis mice model. Method: This study used atrue experimentaldesignin vivo atfemale mice(Musmusculus) withexperimentalde-signPost-Test Only With ControlGroup Design. Involveseightgroups :negative control group (healthy micewi-thoutgivengenistein), positive control group(mice model ofendometriosiswithoutgivengenistein) and thetreat-ment groupisthe group thatwas givena variety ofdifferent dosesof genistein: 50mg/day, 100mg/day, 200mg/day, 300mg/day, 400mg/dayand500mg/day.

[1]. Agarwal, N. & Subramanian, A. 2010.Endometriosis-Morphology, Clinical Presentations and Molecular Pathology.Journal of Laboratory Physicians. 2(1): 1-9.
[2]. Barrier, B.F. 2010. Immunology Of Endometriosis. Clinical Obstetrics And Gynecology.53(2) : 397-402.
[3]. Borras, C., Gambini, J., Gomez-Cabrera, MC., Sastre, J., Pallardo, FV., Mann, GE., Vina, J., 2006. Genistein, A Soy Isoflavone, Up Regulated Expression of Antioxidant Genes: Involvement of Estrogen Receptor, ERK ½, and NFκB. The FASEB Journal, 20:1467-81.
[4]. Bulun SE., 2009. Mechanisms of disease endometriosis, The New England Journal of Medicine, 360; 268-279.
[5]. Burney, R.O. & Giudice, L.C., 2012. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. Fertility and Sterility. p. 1-9
[6]. Cotroneo, M.S., and Lamartiniere, C.A., 2001. Pharmacologic, but Not Dietary, Genistein Supports Endometriosis in a Rat Model. Toxycological Sciences.61: 68-75

Abstract: Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy that is exaggerated by exposure to gluten diet, resulting in malabsorption which furthur leads to deficiency of various nutrients. We report a case of a 24 year male suffering from coeliac disease with extraintestinal manifestation such as generalised bodyache predominantly involving the neck, back and lower limbs, weight loss and hyperthyroidism.

Keywords: Coeliac disease, hyperthyroidism, weight loss.

[1]. Ludvigsson JF, Leffler DA, Bai JC, et al. The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms. Gut 2013;62:43–52
[2]. Rubio-Tapia A, Ludvigsson JF, Brantner TL, Murray JA, Everhart JE. The prevalence of celiac disease in the United States. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012 Oct;107(10):1538-44
[3]. British Society of Gastroenterology. The management of adults with Coeliac Disease (BSG Guidelines). Available at: http://www.bsg.org.uk/images/stories/clinical/bsg_coeliac_10.pdf
[4]. Kang JY, Kang AHY, Green A et al. Systematic review: worldwide variation in the frequency of celiac disease and changes over time.Aliment PharmacolTher 2013 Aug: 38(3): 226-245
[5]. SoodA, Midha V, Sood N, Avasthi G, Sehgal A, Prevalence of celiac disease among school children in Punjab, north India. J GastroenterolHepatol. 2006;21:1622–1625

Abstract: Humeral fractures are one of the common fractures. There are various methods to treat humeral fractures. High energy fractures result in increased damage to soft tissues and thus requiring long union time. Minimal invasive plate osteosynthesis is a very handy procedure where biologic fixation can be offered to the patient with minimal complications. It has a learning curve but can be done without any special instrument requirement.

Keywords - Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis, Humeral Shaft, AO C3 Fractures, Anterior Approach.

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[2]. Sharma, B. Awasthy, S. Mehta, S. Babhulkar, Evaluation of results of different treatment modalities in the management of diaphyseal fractures of the humerus, The Internet Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vol 16, No. 1, 2009.
[3]. Sarmiento et al, Functional braces for humeral shaft fractures, Journal Bone Joint Surg, 2000
[4]. Vander, Open reduction and Internal fixation of Humeral Shaft Fractures. Results using AO plating techniques. JBJS Am 2001.
[5]. Putti. AB, Uppin. RB, Putti. BB. Locked intramedullary nailing versus dynamic compression plating for humeral shaft fractures. J Orthop Surg(Hong Kong),2009Aug 17(2), 139-41

Abstract: An ureterocele is a congenital abnormality found in the ureter where the distal ureter balloons at its opening into the bladder, forming a sac-like pouch. It is most often associated with a duplicated collecting system, where two ureters drain their respective kidney instead of one. Ureteroceles occur in approximately 1 out of every 4,000 babies and are 10 times more common in girls than in boys with a left sided preponderance because a duplex collecting system (two ureters for one kidney) is more common in girls.

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[4]. Jeffrey PW. Embryogenesis of ureteral anomalies: A unifying theory. Aust N Z J Surg 1988;58:631-8.
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Abstract: Root fractures due to traumatic injuries can be a very challenging situation for a clinician especially when it is encountered in the cervical third. Treatment alternatives for cervical root fractures are limited and mostly involves removal of the coronal fragment. The current case report describes a conservative approach to managing a cervical root fracture with intraradicular splinting in a maxillary central incisor using a fiber post.

Keywords: Traumatic injuries, fiber posts, cervical root fracture, splinting

[1]. Andreasen FM, Andreasen JO, Cvek M. Root fractures. In: Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to Teeth. Andreasen FM, Andreasen JO, eds. Copenhagen: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007: pp337– 371.
[2]. Majorana A, Pasini S, Bardellini E, Keller E. Clinical and epidemiological study of traumatic root fractures. Dent Traumatol 2002; 18: 77–80.
[3]. Clark SJ, Eleazer P. Management of a horizontal root fracture after previous root canal therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2000; 89: 220–223.
[4]. Yates JA. Root fractures in permanent teeth: a clinical review. Int Endod J 1992; 25: 150–157.
[5]. Cvek M, Andreasen JO, Borum MK. Healing of 208 intraalveolar root fractures in patients aged 7–17 years. Dent Traumatol 2001;17:53–62.