iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2020

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare carboprost with oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in females with a high risk of PPH undergoing cesarean delivery. Patients were randomly divided into three groups that received different uterotonics (oxytocin, carboprost and oxytocin plus carboprost) during cesarean section, following the delivery of the infant. A total of 117 females (age range, 19-40 years) at 35-40 weeks gestation who delivered by cesarean between December, 2010 and May, 2012 were included in this study. There were 29 cases of twins, 12 cases of polyhydramnios, 23 cases of placenta previa and 53 cases of fetal macrosomia. There were 37 patients in the oxytocin group, 36 in the carboprost group and 44 in the oxytocin plus carboprost group. No significant differences were identified in maternal age, gravidity/parity, gestational age and reason for cesarean delivery......

[1]. Leduc D, Senikas V, Lalonde AB, et al: Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 31: 980-993, 2009.
[2]. World Health Organization: WHO recommendations for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage. World Health Organisation: Department of Making Pregnancy Safer, Geneva, Switzerland, 2007.
[3]. Carroli G, Cuesta C, Abalos E and Gulmezoglu AM: Epidemiology of postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 22: 999-1012, 2008.
[4]. Wedisinghe L, Macleod M and Murphy DJ: Use of oxytocin to prevent haemorrhage at caesarean section - a survey of practice in the United Kingdom. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 137: 27-30, 2008.
[5]. Su Y, Xu Z and Jiang S (eds): Practical Obstetrics. 2nd edition. Shandong Science and Technology Press, Jinan, Shandong, China, pp486, 2004.

Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is recognized as causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections in every region of the world. Clindamycin is considered as useful alternate drug in penicillin-allergic patients in the treatment of skin & soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus spp. can be resistant to erythromycin through either erm or msr A genes. Strains with erm-mediated erythromycin resistance may possess inducible Clindamycin resistance but may appear susceptible to Clindamycin by disc diffusion test. The objective of the present study was to know the prevalence of erythromycin-induced Clindamycin resistance among clinical isolates of S. aureus. A total of 192 S. aureus isolates from various clinical samples submitted in the Dept. of Microbiology, RIMS......

Key Words: Clindamycin resistance, Erythromycin resistance, MRSA, MSSA, D test

[1]. Ryan KJ. Staphylococci .In: Ryan KJ, Ray CG, editors. Sherris medical microbiology.4th Ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2004.p. 261-71.
[2]. Moreillon P, Que YA, Glauser MP. Staphylococcus aureus (including staphylococcal toxic shock).In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, editors. Mandell,Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of infectious diseases. 6th Ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005.p.2321-51
[3]. Delialioglu N, Aslan G, Ozturk C, Baki V, Sen S,Emekdas G. Inducible clindamycin resistance in staphylococci isolated from clinical samples. Jpn J Infect Dis 2005; 58: 104-6.
[4]. Gadepalli R, Dhawan B ,Mohanty S, Kapil A, Das BK, Chaudhary R. Inducible clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Indian J Med Res 2006; 123:571-3.
[5]. Woods RC. Macrolide-inducible resistance to clindamycin and the D –Test the Paediatr Infect Dis J 2009:28(12):1115-1118..

Abstract: Aim of the study is to see for the thyroid function (T3, T4, TSH), Lipid patterns and glycemic control in females newly diagnosed with depression attending Psychiatry Department, (I.P&O.P) Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati and compare them to the levels in normal females without depression. OBJECTIVES: To estimate serum levels of TSH, T3, T4 (Thyroid profile) in females newly diagnosed with depression and to estimate serum levels of TSH, T3, T4 (Thyroid profile), in age matched females without depression. To Compare the serum levels of TSH, T3, T4 (Thyroid profile) in females newly diagnosed with depression to that of normal females. MATERIAL......

[1]. Akiskal HS. Mood Disorder: historical Introduction and Conceptual Overview.In:Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry.8th ed. Sadock BJ, Sandock VA, et al,editorsPhiladelphia (USA): Lippincott Williams and Williams;2005.P.1559-717.
[2]. Walker BR, Toft AD. Haslett C,Chilvers ER,Bon NA,ColledgeNR,et al..Endocrine disease:Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine.19th ed.Churchill Livingstone 2002;p.683-746.
[3]. Asher R: Myxedematous madness. Br Med J 1949;2:555-562.
[4]. Whybrow PC, Pranj AJ,Treadway CR,Mental changes accompanying thyroid gland. Arch gen Psychiatry 1969;20:48-63.
[5]. Esposito S, Prange AJ Jr.,Golden RN: The thyroid axis and mood disorders:over view and future prospects.

Abstract: Background- Herpes zoster ophthalmicus results from reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus from trigeminal ganglia in previously exposed patients with low immunity. Aims of the study- Aims of the study is to find out common ocular manifestations of HZO and factors affecting visual outcome. Material and methods- This observational study was done on patients attending, Department of Ophthalmology, Patna medical college, Patna. The period of study was from October 2017 to December 2018. Total 35 patients were examined. Patients were followed on 7th ,14th, 30 day and 3 months after first visit. Results-28.57% cases were in age group 41-50 year. The males were 54.28% and female 45.71%. Conjunctivitis (77.1%) Corneal involvement (60%), Episcleritis (8.6%) Uveitis (57.1%) and Secondary glaucoma (5.7%) were common manifestations.......

Key words- Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, Varicella zoster virus, Trigeminal ganglia, conjunctivitis, Corneal involvement, Uveitis, Hutchinson sign

[1]. Arvin A. Aging, immunity and varcella zoster virus.N Engl J Med 2005; 352:2266-7
[2]. Christina L Kong et al .Incidence rate of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus: A retrospective cohort study from 1994 through 2018.Ophthalmology .October 09, 2019
[3]. Emma C Davis, Devorah Pavan-Langston,James Chodosh. British J of ophthalmol 100(3), 312-314, 2016.
[4]. D S Borkar et al. Incidence of herpes zoster ophthalmicus: Results from the Pacific Ocular Inflammation study.Opththalmology 120(3), 451-456, 2013.
[5]. Vikash Paudel et al. Clinical and epidemiological profile of Herpes zoster; A Cross sectional study from tertiary hospital. Med Phoenix, 3(1)60-65

Abstract: Backgroud The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is correlated with disease progression and poor outcome. This study was aimed to investigate the correlation of CD44 and CD133 expression, which are a specific marker for CSCs, on the chemotherapeutic response in patients with unresectable CRC. Methods This study was designed as a cross-sectional study involving 38 subjects with unresectable CRC at Policlinic of Digestive Surgery, Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Indonesia. Chemotherapeutic response were assessed by endoscopic evaluation post-chemotherapy. CD33 and CD144 expression were obtained by using immunohistochemistry method, while the calculation was done by using software ImageJ (ImmunoRatio and ImmunoMembrane plugins).......

Keywords: cancer stem cells, CD44, CD133, colorectal cancer

[1]. August, DA.,Huhmann, MB; American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) Board of Directors., Clinical Guidelines: Nutrition Support Therapy During Adult Anticancer Treatment and in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2009; 33(5) pp.472-500.
[2]. Globocan, 2019a. All cancers. , pp.1–2. Available at: http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/39-All-cancers-factsheet.pdf.
[3]. Globocan, 2019b. Colorectal cancer. , pp.1–2. Available at: http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/10_8_9-Colorectum-factsheet.pdf.
[4]. Globocan, 2019c. Indonesia. , 256, pp.1–2. Available at: http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/360-indonesia-factsheets.pdf.
[5]. Primavesi, F. et al. Progressive Oncological Surgery Is Associated with Increased Curative Resection Rates and Improved Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancers, 2019; pp.1–22..

Abstract: Résumé: La thrombose du sinus latéral est la principale cause de l'hypertension intracrânienne secondaire, la thrombose septique du sinus latéral otogénique est une complication fréquente et redoutable de la mastoïdite, nous rapportons le cas d'un enfant présentant une thrombose septique du sinus latéral révélée par une diplopie

[1]. Ribes M. Des rescherches faites sur la phlébite. Revue Médicale Française et Etrangère et Journal de Clinique de l'Hôtel-Dieu et de la Charité de Paris, 1825. 3(5).
[2]. Francois M. Complications des otites moyennes aiguës et chro-niques. EMC Oto-rhino-laryngologie 2005;2:92ŕ106.
[3]. Sitton MS, Chun R. Pediatric otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis:role of anticoagulation and surgery. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryn-gol 2012;76:428ŕ32.
[4]. Ropposch T, Nemetz U, Braun EM, Lackner A, Walch C. Low mole-cular weight heparin therapy in pediatric otogenic sigmoid sinusthrombosis: a safe treatment option? Int J Pediatr Otorhinola-ryngol 2012;76:1023ŕ6.
[5]. Palma S, Bovo R, Benatti A, Aimoni C, Rosignoli M, Libanore M,Martini A. Mastoiditis in adults: a 19-year retrospective study.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2013.

Abstract: Introduction: The capacity of hospitals to provide services and training has suffered a remarkable setback as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The magnitude of this negative impact and measures deployed to ensure continued provision of services (particularly surgical services) and training has become an active area of research. We examined the extent of disruption of surgical services as well as disposition of surgeons to surgical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The adoption of video conferencing as an alternative training platform was also assessed. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey of 105 consultant surgeons in Nigeria. It assessed their demographic information, changes in surgical practice and training (academic) activities during the pandemic. Results: Generally, there was an overall reduction in the number of elective and emergency surgical cases during the pandemic although the.......

Key Word: impact; COVID-19 pandemic; surgical practice; training; Nigeria

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[2]. Arentz M, Yim E, Klaff L, Lokhandwala S, Riedo FX, Chong M et al. Characteristics and outcomes of 21 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Washington State [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 19]. JAMA. 2020;323(16):1612-1614. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4326
[3]. Spinelli A, Pellino G. COVID-19 pandemic; perspectives on an unfolding crisis. BJS Br J Surg [Internet].[cited2020 Mar 24];n/g. Available from; http;//bjssjournals onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002bjs.11627.
[4]. Onyedinefu G. Poorly equipped and unprotected; more doctors risk contracting corona virus. Abuja; Businessday 2020, Apr 29.
[5]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Resources for clinics and healthcare facilities. https.//www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019ncov/healthcare-facilities.

Abstract: Hydatid disease is a parasitic disease that rages in an endemic state in Algeria, spontaneous cutaneous fistulization of a hydatid cyst of the liver remains an exceptional complication, to date very few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the observation of a 47 year old patient with multiple hydatidosis revealed by a spontaneous cystocutaneous fistula from segment VII of the liver. The diagnosis was established on clinical, radiological and serological data. The patient received surgical treatment and antiparasitic chemotherapy in the perioperative period, based on Albendazole with simple postoperative consequences

[1]. Daldoul S. 2015. Spontaneous cutaneous fistulization of hydatid cysts of the liver Pp. 736–741 in Masson, editor. , ed. Annals of dermatology and venereology (vol. 142, n ° 12). Elsevier Masson, France.
[2]. Hydatid liver cyst with cutaneous fistulization in the right breast: case report, management and review of the literature Mansour El Khoury, 1, 2, 4 Antoine El Asmar, 2, 3, 4 Wissam Dib, 2, 3 , 4 ElieCreidi, 2, 3, 4 Madeleine Yehia, 2, 4 and Imad Hajj 1, 2, 4Clin Case Rep. July 2017; 5 (7): 1088-1092. PMCID: PMC5494411 PMID: 28680601.
[3]. Korwar V, Subhas G, Gaddikeri P et al. Hydatid disease presenting as a skin fistula: review of a rare clinical presentation. IntSurg 2011; 96: 69–73.
[4]. Sayek I. and Onat D .. 2001. Diagnosis and treatment of uncomplicated hydatid cyst of the liver. World J. Surg. 25: 21-27.
[5]. Akbulut S, Yavuz R, Sogutcu N, et al. Hydatid cyst of the pancreas: report of an undiagnosed case of pancreatic hydatid cyst and brief review of the literature. World J GastrointestSurg 2014; 6: 190–200.

Abstract: Congenital epulis of newborn is a very rare benign soft tissue tumor of oral cavity. It occurs as a single mass with various sizes although some multiple lesions have also been reported. A large lesion may lead to respiratory distress and feeding difficulty or both. So it needs multidisciplinary team approach at the time of birth. Antenatal USG, perinatal MRI are adjunct to treatment planning particularly in large lesions. Though spontaneous regression in some cases have been reported.Treatment of choice is surgical excision .Recurrence after surgical removal is rare. We report a case of congenital epulis in a neonate presenting with feeding difficulty and was managed successfully with surgical removal. Histopathology of the excised lesion is important for final diagnosis

Key Word:congenital epulis, granular cell tumour of the newborn, Neumann's tumour, gingival tumour, newborn.

[1]. Patil RN, Helwatkar S,RautW. Congenital granular cell epulis: A case report. J Med Sci Health 2017;3(1):41-44
[2]. Yuwanati M, Mhaske S, Mhaske A. Congenital granular celltumor-A rare entity. J Neonatal Surg 2015;4:17
[3]. Conrad R, Perez MC. Congenital granular cell epulis. ArchPathol Lab Med2014;138:128-31
[4]. Silva GCC, Vieira TC, Vieira JC, et al. Congenital granular cell tumor (congenital epulis): A lesion of multidisciplinary interest. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007; 12: E428-30.
[5]. Thoma V, Idrissi B, Kohler M, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital epulis. A Case Study. Fetal Diagn Ther 2006; 21: 321-325.

Abstract: Purpose: To study the procedure of Screening, early detection, diagnosis, primary treatment and appropriate referrals through teleophthalmology and effectiveness of Teleophthalmology. This article reviews the present status of the application of telemedicine in the field of ophthalmology and how this technology may be used to provide ophthalmologic services to rural, underserved, and impoverished parts of India. Methods: This is a retrospective study done in Krishna district, AndhraPradesh during the period of February 2018 to August 2019. All the Patients who attended to Vision Centres/Tele ophthalmology centres in Krishna District during the study period were included in the study.To determine users' requirements, a questionnaire was designed based on the literature review (14-17). The questionnaire included 53 closed questions.Feedback from the beneficiaries was taken after services were delivered. The patients were asked questions regarding teleconsultation over the mobile numbers given at the time of registration.......

Keywords: Teleophthalmology; Patient screening; Underserved areas; Effectiveness

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Abstract: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is an involuntary forward movement of the mandible beyond the articular eminence with the condyle remaining stuck in the anterior-most position which leaves the patient unable to close her mouth. Various methods have been described in literature for the management of TMJ dislocation in patients where conservative measures are not successful and need surgical intervention. This case report highlights outcome of Dautrey's method of surgical correction in case of recurrent bilateral TMJ dislocation. The patient had history of manual reduction of lock jaw in the past . Orthopantomogram confirmed anterior dislocation of condyles beyond articular eminence.

[1]. Da Costa Ribeiro, R., dos Santos, B. J., Provenzano, N., & de Freitas, P. H. L. (2014). Dautrey's procedure: an alternative for the treatment of recurrent mandibular dislocation in patients with pneumatization of the articular eminence. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 43(4), 465–469. doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2013.10.007
[2]. Bhandari SK, Issar Y, Sambyal SS, Kumar AN. Management of temporomandibular joint recurrent dislocation using Dautery's procedure: report and review. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg2019;5:1748-52.
[3]. Akinbami BO. Evaluation of the mechanism and principles of management of temporomandibular joint dislocation. Systematic review of literature and a proposed new classification of temporomandibular joint dislocation. Head & face medicine. 2011 Dec;7(1):10.
[4]. Shakya S, Ongole R, Sumanth KN, Denny CE. Chronic bilateral dislocation of temporomandibular joint. Kathmandu University Medical Journal. 2010;8(2):251-6.
[5]. Medra AM, Mahrous AM: Glenotemporal osteotomy and bone grafting in the management of chronic recurrent dislocation and hypermobility of the temporomandibular joint. Br J Oral MaxillofacSurg 2008, 46(2):119-22

Abstract: Background:Pemphigus is the commonest variant of autoimmune bullous disorders faced in practice of Dermatology. The basis of disease is autoantibodies targeted against intercellular adhesion molecule of epidermis and it manifests with mucosal and skin involvement. The aim of the study was to assess the profile of pemphigus patients attending our department. Materials and Methods:It was a cross sectional observational study done among patients admitted in department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy. The study was done for a period of 18 months from August 2018 to January 2020. After clinical and histopathological correlation, patients being diagnosed for the first time with pemphigus were included in our study. Follow up cases were left out. Results: A total of 44 patients were included.

Keywords: HBV ; Autoimmune bullous disorders, Pemphigus Vulgaris, Pemphigus Foliaceus, Autoantibodies, Intercellular adhesion molecule, Histopathological,

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