iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2021

Abstract: Background Clomiphene citrate (CC) has been the 1st line medication to stimulate a multiple follicular development and ovulation in women with anovulatory infertility. CC act as an antiestrogen on the central nervous system, so increases the pulse frequency of FSH and LH and gives a moderate gonadotropin stimulus to the ovary, thus overcoming ovulatory disturbances. Low dose hCG can mimic the LH actions on follicular growth and oocyte maturation. Longer half life and greater affinity to LH/hCG receptors, make it a more effective alternative for ovulation induction protocols. Objective:
To compare.....

[1]. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. FertilSteril. 2008; 90(5 Suppl): S60
[2]. Guzick DS. Ovulation induction management of PCOS. Clin ObstetGynecol2007; 50:255–67.
[3]. Dehbashi S, Vafaei H, Parsanezhad MD, Alborzi S. Time of initiation of clomiphene citrate and pregnancy rate in polycystic ovarian syndrome. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2006;93(1):44-8.
[4]. Palomba S, Russo T, Orio F, Falbo A, Manguso F, SammartinoA, et al. Uterine effects of clomiphene citrate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. a prospective controlled study. Human Reproduction. 2006;21(11):2823–29.
[5]. Budinetz TH, Benadiva CA, Griffin DW, Engmann LL, Nulsen JC, DiLuigi AJ. Ovulation rate and cycle characteristics in a subsequent clomiphene citrate cycle after stair-step protocol. FertilSteril. 2015;103(3):675 679. doi:10.1016 j.fertnstert. 2014; 12.088..

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endoscopy of gastrointestinal diseases is an effective tool for the diagnostic evaluation and management of patients with dyspepsia. Thus, the present study was undertaken to study the role upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in early diagnosis and management of common gastric disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present prospective study comprised of 200 patients who underwent endoscopy procedure due to history related to gastric disorders in the GMERS-Himmatnagar during August 2019 to July 2020. After history taking and physical examination, patients were subjected to fibre-optic upper GI scopy. Obtained data was arranged according to characteristics and was expressed as a number and percentage of respondents and were analyzed.....

Keywords: Upper gestrointestinal endoscopy, Dyspepsia

[1]. Gastritis. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Available at www.digestive.niddk.nih.gov.
[2]. Pasha SF, Acosta RD, Chandrasekhara V et al. The role of endoscopy in the evaluation and management of dysphagia. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 2014;79:191-201.
[3]. Roman S, KahrilasPJ.The diagnosis and management of hiatus hernia. BMJ. 2014;349:g6154.
[4]. Coelho de Arruda HMA. Diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Arq Bras Cir Dig. 2014;27:210-215
[5]. Takahashi T, Saikawa Y, Kitagawa Y. Gastric Cancer: Current Status of Diagnosis and Treatment Cancers 2013;5:48-63..

Abstract: Aim- The aim of the present study is to investigate whether there is difference in therapeutic effect between initial treatments of chronic periodontitis i.e. scaling and root planning (SRP) alone and SRP in conjunction with injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I- PRF) application, comparing clinical parameters after 6 weeks. Materials &method- 10 patients with chronic moderate to severe periodontitis having minimum 2 sites with PPD ≥5mm were selected from the OPD of the department of periodontology. After phase I therapy two sites were randomly divided as test and control group. Test site is treated with i prf and other site was considered as control group. Results- compared to baseline, both treatment modalities demonstrated an improvement in investigate clinical parameters .the mean value CAL decreased from 6.2.....

[1]. Kurgan S, Kantarci A. Molecular basis for immunohistochemical an inflammatory changes during progression of gingivitis to periodontitis. Periodontol 2000. 2018;76(1):51–67.
[2]. Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol. 1999;4(1):1–6.
[3]. Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S159–72.
[4]. Dye BA. Global periodontal disease epidemiology. Periodontol 2000. 2012;58(1):10–25.
[5]. Drisko CH. Non-surgical periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2001;25:78-9.

Abstract: Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is widespread, affecting approximately 12% of the adult population and up to 20% of patients older than 70 years. Patients with PAD may be asymptomatic, or they may have symptoms of intermittent claudication or symptoms of critical limb ischemia with rest pain, tissue loss, or gangrene Material & Methods: The present hospital based observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Government General Hospital, Guntur Medical College, Guntur. Study period was from November 2017 to March 2020. Doppler and CT angiogram were done in all the patients. All the patients managed by non-invasive and invasive techniques.........

Keywords: Peripheral arterial disease, Doppler study, Revascularisation, Graft

[1]. Criqui MH, Fronek A, Barrett-Conner E, et al. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a defined population. Circulation. 1985;71(3):510-515.
[2]. Rice TW, Lumsden AB. Optimal medical management of peripheral arterial disease. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2006;40(4):312-327.
[3]. Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al. Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg. 2007;45 (suppl S):S5-S67.
[4]. Dormandy JA, Rutherford RB. Management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC). J Vasc Surg. 2000;31(1 pt 2):S1-S296.
[5]. Ouriel K, Veith FJ, Sasahara AA. A comparison of recombinant urokinase with vascular surgery as initial treatment for acute arterial occlusion of the legs. Thrombolysis or peripheral arterial surgery (TOPAS) investigators. N Engl J Med 1998;338:1105-11.

Abstract: Résumé Introduction : Les ruptures du tendon quadricipital et du tendon patellaire sont des lésions rares, elles ont en commun l'interruption de la chaine de transmission de l'extension de la jambe sur la cuisse, le but du traitement est de récupérer un genou mobile et indolore pour un retour rapide au niveau d'activité pré-lésionnel. Matériel et méthodes : Le but de notre travail est d'analyser de façon comparative les résultats fonctionnels obtenu chez 5 patients opérés pour rupture récente du tendon quadricipital avec ceux obtenus chez 6 patients opérés pour rupture récente du tendon patellaire sur une période suivi de 36 mois, utilisant le Lysholm knee score et le Kujala score afin de vérifier s'il y a une différence dans la récupération de la fonction du genou chez les deux groupes de patients.......

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Abstract: Background: To study the recent clinico-epidemiological trend of leprosy in North-Eastern Rajasthan. Method: To collect previous six months (April 2019 to September 2019) hospital records of all patients diagnosed clinically and histopathologically as Leprosy in skin department of tertiary care hospital, and study the clinico-epidemiological trend of disease expression in north-eastern Rajasthan. Result: Total 204 cases enrolled in the study. In which 146 (71.56%) patients were male and 58 (28%) were females with a male: female ratio 2.5:1. Most common age group affected was 20-30 yrs. Most common initial presentation of disease was erythematous plaque followed by hypopigmented macule and 18 (8.8%) patients have no cutaneous lesions.According........

Keywords: MDT MB, ENL, Leprosy

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[2]. Harboe M (2000). Leprosy at a turning point? Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 68: 312-318.
[3]. Kumar A and Girdhar BK (2006). Is increasing MB ratio a positive indicator of declining leprosy? J Commun Dis. 38: 24-31.
[4]. Singh AL, Vagha SJ, Agarwal A et al (2009). Current scenario of leprosy at tertiary care level hospital of rural central India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 75: 520-522
[5]. Mahajan VK, Sharma NL, Rana P et al (2003). Trends in detection of new leprosy cases at two centres in Himachal Pradesh, India: a ten-year study. Indian J Lepr.75:17-24.

Abstract: Neurofibroma is the most common type of benign, slow-growing, peripheral nerve neoplasm, which arises from a mixture of cell types such as Schwann cells and perineural fibroblasts.[1] It can arise as a solitary tumor or be a component of Neurofibromatosis and von Recklinghausen's disease. Solitary neurofibromas are not frequently seen in the oral cavity, and those in the palate are reported in less numbers.[2] 4–7% of patients affected by neurofibromatosis display oral manifestations [3]. The frequency of isolated neurofibromas unassociated with neurofibromatosis in the oral cavity is uncertain [4]. There have only been.......

[1]. Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Jerry E. Bouquot. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 3rd Edition. Philadelphia; WB Saunders Company 2013. P. 528.
[2]. Maruyama M, Fushiki H & Watanabe, Y. Solitary neurofibroma of the floor of the mouth: a case report. Case reports in otolaryngology 2011;2011:1-3.
[3]. A. Narwal, S. Saxena, V. Rathod, and P. Bansal, Intraoral solitary neurofibroma in an infant, Journal of Oral and Maxillo Facial Pathology, 2008;12:75-78.
[4]. L. S. Marcocchio, D. T. Oliveira, M. C. Periera, C. T. Soares, and R. N. Fleury, Sporadic and multiple neurofibromas in the head and neck region: a retrospective study of 33 years, Clinical oral investigations, 2007;11:165-169.
[5]. Taketomi T, Nakamura K, Teratani Y, Matsuo K, Kusukawa J. Solitary Neurofibroma of the Hard Palate: A Case Report and Literature Review. Am J Case Rep. 2021; 22;22:e929674

Abstract: Background: Postpartum Haemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal death responsible for approximately 68,500 deaths a year, 99.7% occurring in developing countries. It therefore represents a significant global health burden, disproportionately affecting those in the world's poorest countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and management of primary postpartum haemorrhage in patients who delivered at a tertiary health care center in Goa. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in term patients who delivered at a tertiary health care center in Goa over a period of 18 months. Results: Incidence of postpartum haemorrhage.........

Keywords: Postpartum Haemorrhage, Placenta Praevia, Previous LSCS, Obstetric Hysterectomy

[1]. Mavrides E, Allard S, Chandraharan E, Collins P, Green L, Hunt BJ, Riris S, Thomson AJ on behalf of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Prevention and management of postpartum haemorrhage. BJOG 2016; DOI: .10.1111/1471-0528.14178
[2]. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller A-B, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Global Health. 2014; 2(6):E323–E333
[3]. Cagri Gulumser, Yaprak Engin-Ustun, Levent Keskin, Sevki Celen, Sema Sanisoglu, Selma Karaahmetoglu, Ayse Ozcan & Irfan Sencan (2018): Maternal mortality due to hemorrhage: population-based study in Turkey, The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1481029
[4]. Kaur M, Gupta M, Pandara Purayil V, Rana M, Chakrapani V (2018) Contribution of social factors to maternal deaths in urban India: Use of care pathway and delay models. PLoS ONE 13(10): e0203209
[5]. Quantitative blood loss in obstetric hemorrhage. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 794. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2019;134:e150–6.

Abstract: Multiple primary cancers (CPM) are increasingly encountered, their frequency varied from 5.5% to 8.5% for all cancers combined while it only represents 7.5% for head and neck cancers .They pose a real diagnostic and therapeutic problem, Due to the variability of clinical characteristics and their low incidence, they are often confused with recurrence or distant metastasis of primary tumors, However, diagnostic errors remain common between these two types of cancers.Primary synchronous breast and thyroid cancer remains rare. Only a few cases have been published in the French and English literature.We present the case of a 36-year-old woman, having taken oral contraception for 7 years as a history, presenting a synchronous primary cancer of the thyroid and breast, The diagnosis was obtained after biopsy of the two organs showing a papillary carcinoma of thyroid and invasive mammary carcinoma of the breast, The patient underwent total thyroidectomy for her neo-thyroid.......

Keywords: primary, papillary multiple malignant tumors; thyroid; carcinoma; Breast

[1]. Luciani A, Ascione G, Marussi D. et al. Clinical analysis of multiple primary malignancies in the elderly. Med Oncol. 2009;26(1):27–31.
[2]. Spratt JS Jr, Hoag MG. Incidence of multiple primary cancers per man-year of follow up: 20-year review from the Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital. Ann Surg 1966;164:775-84.
[3]. Tori, M, Shimo, T, Yoshidome, K. Novel operative approach to double primary cancers of the breast and thyroid and its effects on cosmesis and the accuracy of follow-up examinations. Asian J Endosc Surg. 2018; 11: 185–188.
[4]. Aluclu, MA, Sen, S, Cevik, M. Association between plasma kisspeptin levels and adolescent gynecomastia. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2016; 13: 136–139.
[5]. El Mesbahi I, Ghfir I., Ben Rais N. Papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with two other primary skins carcinomas: Pathophysiological and epidemiological approach - A case report. Med Nuc.2012 ; 36: 627-32

Abstract: Dental caries is considered as the major health problem among children studying in school in Libya. The aim of the study is to evaluate the pervasiveness of dental care and oral hygiene among school children aged 6 to 12 years old in Msallata city. To perform this study a cross-sectional study was conducted involved 340 students attending public schools. The pervasiveness of dental caries was evaluated with WHO criteria, and to evaluate oral hygiene of school children the questionnaire method was used. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 21. The results of this study revealed that the dental caries was a bit high among the participants and welfare oral hygiene among the target children. For recommendation we advise to take care of oral hygiene in regard with cleaning the mouth and regular visiting the dentist. Therefore, this study could benefit all the students and can provide at least a authority for the development of school oral health program to encourage students for oral hygiene practicing that help to decrease the level of dental caries..

Keywords: Dental caries; oral hygiene; School children; Msallata city

[1]. Harikiran AG, Pallavi SK, Hariprakash S, Nagesh KS. Oral health-related KAP among 11-to 12-year-old school children in a government-aided missionary school of Bangalore city. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2008; 19(3):236-242.
[2]. Cesar D, Richard W, Mark H. Tooth brushing, inflammation, and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from Scottish Health Survey. BMJ. 2010; 340:1-6.
[3]. Xenith FA, Islam MS. Oral Hygiene Practice by School Children in Narayanganj Region, Bangladesh. Rangpur Dental College Journal. 2013; 1(2):10-14.
[4]. Raquel V, Maria LD, Isabela AP, Saul MD. School: an important information place on oral health care for the child population. PGR Pós-Grad. Rev. Fac. Odontol. São José dos Campos. 2001; 4(3):43-48.
[5]. Almut M, Konrad R. Playing games in promoting childhood dental health. Patient Education and Counseling. 2001; 43(1):105-110..

Abstract: Background: Assessments are done to help students during learning and to evaluate what they have learned at a particular point of time. They form the basis for formative and summative assessment. Formative assessment assists in learning hence called 'Assessment for Learning'. It involves activities attempting to assess where they are in their learning process and utilize the information available for use by students and their teachers to determine what is to be done for betterment. Summative assessment is used to evaluate what has been learned at a particular time hence called 'Assessment of Learning'. It involves activities like evaluating learning over a period of time and ascertaining it by testing at a particular time. Data from assessment can be utilized for comparing aggregated results of groups or populations.........

Keywords: formative assessment, summative assessment, feedback, efficacy, learning, perception

[1]. Crossouard (2012) Absent presences: the recognition of social class and gender dimensions within peer assessment interactions. British Educational Research Journal, 38 (5) 731-748.
[2]. Linn, R. L. (2000) Assessments and accountability. Educational Researcher, 29 (2) 4 16.
[3]. Black, P. and Wiliam, D. (2009). Developing the theory of formative assessment. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 21 (1). 5-13.
[4]. Carillo-de-la-Pena MT, Bailles E, Caseras X, Martinez A, Ortet G, Perez J. Formative assessment and academic achievement in pre-graduate students of health sciences. Adv Health SciEduc Theory Pract. 2009;14(1):61-67.
[5]. Cauley K, McMilan J. Formative techniques to support student motivation and achievement. The Clearing House. 2010;83(1):1-6.

Abstract: Background: The optimal surgical approach for perforated diverticulitis has been controversial. Most surgeons prefer the Hartmann procedure for managing diffuse peritonitis due to perforated diverticulitis. Case presentation: Herein, we report a 34-year-old male who appeared in the emergency department with a history of diffuse abdominal pain in the previous 24 hours, associated with fever, nausea, and vomiting. Clinical examination revealed peritonitis with muscle rigidity, which was confirmed by abdominal computed tomography. A perforated diverticulum of the sigmoid colon and free pus in the abdomen were identified during the exploratory laparotomy. A sigmoidectomy with primary anastomosis without diverting loop ileostomy was performed.........

Keywords: Diverticulitis; Peritonitis; Hinchey classification; Hartmann procedure; Primary resection anastomosis; Laparoscopic lavage.

[1]. Stollman N, Smalley W, Hirano I; AGA Institute Clinical Guidelines Committee. American Gastroenterological Association Institute Guideline on the Management of Acute Diverticulitis. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(7):1944-1949.
[2]. Strate LL, Morris AM. Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment of Diverticulitis. Gastroenterology. 2019;156(5):1282-1298.
[3]. Swanson SM, Strate LL. Acute Colonic Diverticulitis. Ann Intern Med. 2018;168(9):ITC65-ITC80.
[4]. Bharucha AE, Parthasarathy G, Ditah I et al. Temporal Trends in the Incidence and Natural History of Diverticulitis: A Population-Based Study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110(11):1589-1596.
[5]. Barat M, Dohan A, Pautrat K et al. Acute colonic diverticulitis: an update on clinical classification and management with MDCT correlation. AbdomRadiol(NY). 2016;41(9):1842-1850.