iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2023

Abstract: Late-onset Systemic lupus erythematosus (LSLE) is defined as that developing after the age of 50. We analyzed a single-center retrospective cohort of 269 individuals with SLE from 2012 to 2019 (aged ≥18 years). Patients were classified into two groups based on disease onset (≥18 and <50 years old) and LSLE (≥50 years old). 51/269 (18.9%) were LSLE patients. There is a decrease in female preponderance (p=0.025). Comorbidities were present in almost 30% of elderly-onset patients, thus showing the highest prevalence (p=0.002). Fever was least common among LSLE patients (p < 0.003); We demonstrated the lowest prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations (p=0.07), including orals.....

Keywords: late-onset systemic lupus erythemarosus, mortality

[1]. Basma M Medhat, Mervat Essam Behiry et al. Late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: characteristics and outcome in comparison to juvenile- and adult-onset patients a multicenter retrospective cohort. Clinical Rheumatology 2020. 39; 435–442
[2]. Merola JF, Bermas B, Lu B, et al. Clinical manifestations and survival among adults with (SLE) according to age at diagnosis. Lupus 2014; 23: 778–784.
[3]. Rovensky J, Tuchynova A. Systemic lupus erythematosus in theelderly. Autoimmun Rev 2008; 7: 235–239.
[4]. Joo YB, Park SY, Won S, Bae SC. Differences in clinical features and mortality between childhood-onset and adult-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: A prospective single-center study. J Rheumatol 2016; 43: 1490–1497.
[5]. Alonso MD, Martinez-Vazquez F, de Teran TD, et al. Late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in Northwestern Spain: Differences with early-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and literature review. Lupus 2012; 21: 1135–1148.

Abstract: The study was done to evaluate the shear bond strength of the dental ceramic brackets using various recycling techniques like Sandblasting, Burning and Silane Coupling Agent. Materials and Methods A total of 80 maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth were collected and stored in normal saline until use. The water was changed weekly to avoid bacterial growth. Teeth with intact buccal surfaces without any evidence of cracks, caries, hypoplastic areas or other enamel abnormalities were selected. Each tooth was then mounted vertically within self-curing acrylic resin. The mounted teeth were divided into 4 groups of 20 samples each. Group I- Samples subjected to recycling with burning:....

Key words: Burning, Sandblasting, Silane coupling agent

[1]. Z Ahmed, Mustafa M, Al-Khatieeb. Shear bond strength of rebonded self ligating ceramic brackets after different reconditioning procedures a Comparative an In Vitro Study J Res Med Dent Sci,2020,8(1):144-151.
[2]. Venugopal A, Tejani H, Manzana P ,Vergara RG.Comparison of two different orthodontic bracket recycling techniques. Orthodontic Journal of Nepal.2016; 6(2), 28-32.
[3]. Kumar M et-al, Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Recycled Brackets using Different Methods: An In vitro Study. Journal of International Oral Health 2014; 6(5):5-11.
[4]. Singh R, Chaudhary V ,Lahoti S, Lahot K .Comparative Study of Shear Bond Strength of Recycled Brackets using different Recycling Techniques – An in vitro study. Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 2016; 6(2):33-36.
[5]. Falkensammer F, Jonke E, Bertl M, Freudenthaler J ,Bantleon HP. Rebonding performance of different ceramic brackets conditioned with a new silane coupling agent. Eur J Orthod 2013; 35(1):103-9.

Abstract: Background: Short inter-pregnancy interval (SIPI) has been widely associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended a minimum of 24 months inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) to reduce the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. However, IPI practices in many developing countries including Nigeria remain minimally addressed. Objectives: To determine the effect of inter-pregnancy interval on pregnancy outcome among parturient in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Study design: A prospective cohort study of parturient less than 20 weeks gestation. Those who did not satisfy the WHO recommended inter-pregnancy interval of at least 24months were categorized as group II while gestational age and social status matched parturient who......

Key words: Pregnancy, Inter-pregnancy, Interval, Short, Outcome

[1]. DaVanzo J, Razzaque A, Rahman M, Hale L, Ahmed K, Khan MA. et al. The effects of birth spacing on infant and child mortality, pregnancy outcomes and maternal morbidity in Matlab, Bangladesh. RAND Labour and Population Working Paper WR–198, 2004.
[2]. Ikeanyi EM, Abasi IJ, Ikobho EN, Gharoro EP. Inter-pregnancy Interval and Obstetric Performance among South-South Nigerian Women: Pioneer Med J. 2015; 4(8): 20-24.
[3]. Eleje GU, Ezebialu IU, Eke NO. Inter-pregnancy interval (IPI): What Is The Ideal? Afrimedic Journal 2011; 2(1):36-38.
[4]. Conde- Agudelo A, Rosas-Bermudez A, Kafury- Goeta AC. Birth Spacing and Risk of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes A Meta-analysis. J Am Med Ass. 2006; 295: 1809-1823.
[5]. WHO: Report of a WHO Technical Consultation on Birth Spacing. Geneva, WHO press; 2012. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-12-152..

Abstract: Background: Due to the frequent use of high-speed handpieces and ultrasonic scalers during dental procedures as well as the close proximity to patients' face to oral health care providers (dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants),there is a greater risk for disease transmission in dental clinic.. An ultrasonic scaler may leave behind minute aerosol droplets that could potentially carry infectious agents. By inhaling these particles while performing aerosol generating procedures, operators increase their risk of being infected. Therefore the aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of extraoral suction in reducing aerosol contamination during oral prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: A dental manikin with thermoplastic teeth was set up on a dental chair to simulate the patient and scaling procedure is carried out with citric acid solution placed in the water line of the dental chair. Oral prophylaxis procedure was performed....

Key words: Aerosol, extraoral suction, contamination, infection control, oral prophylaxis

[ Szymanska J. Dental bioaerosol as an occupational hazard in a dentist's workplace. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2007;14(2). [ Peng X, Xu X, Li Y, Cheng L, Zhou X, Ren B. Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. International journal of oral science. 2020 Mar 3;12(1):1-6. [ Miller RL, Micik RE, Abel C, Ryge G. Studies on dental aerobiology: II. Microbial splatter discharged from the oral cavity of dental patients. Journal of dental research. 1971 May;50(3):621-5. [ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidance for dental settings. [ Teanpaisan R, Taeporamaysamai M, Rattanachone P, Poldoung N, Srisintorn S. The usefulness of the modified extra‐oral vacuum aspirator (EOVA) from household vacuum cleaner in reducing bacteria in dental aerosols. International dental journal. 2001 Dec;51(6):413-6.

Abstract: Mandibular canine with two roots and two root canals is a rare anatomical variation of the tooth that can complicate root canal treatment. Proper diagnosis and treatment planning are essential for the successful management of mandibular canine with two roots and two root canals. The clinician must be aware of the possibility of anatomical variations and use appropriate diagnostic and treatment techniques to ensure successful treatment outcomes. With proper management, mandibular canines with two roots and two root canals can be successfully treated and preserved. This article reports a clinical case of endodontic treatment of a mandibular canine with two roots and two canals.

Keywords: Mandibular canine, Two canals, Two roots

[1]. Alapati S, Zaatar EI, Shyama M, Al-Zuhair N. Maxillary canine with two root canals. Medical Principles and Practice. 2006;15(1):74-6.
[2]. Wang L, Zhang R, Peng B. Clinical Features and treatment of mandibular canines with two root canals: Two case reports. Chinese Journal of Dental Research. 2009 Jun 1;12(1):61.
[3]. Abduo J, Tennant M, Mcgeachie J. Lateral occlusion schemes in natural and minimally restored permanent dentition: a systematic review. Journal of oral rehabilitation. 2013 Oct;40(10):788-802.
[4]. Versiani MA, Pécora JD, Sousa‐Neto MD. Microcomputed tomography analysis of the root canal morphology of single‐rooted mandibular canines. International Endodontic Journal. 2013 Sep;46(9):800-7.
[5]. Kulkarni NR, Kamat SB, Hugar SI, Nanjannawar GS. Mandibular canine with two roots and two root canals–a rare case. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR. 2016 Sep;10(9):ZJ07.

Abstract:Background: GCS score by far is the most widely used score to assess the severity of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in clinical research and to compare series of patients. It seems necessary for one to keep in mind the shortcomings of this score. This issue was addressed with the introduction of various scores such as Full Outline UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score. The aim of our study was to compare GCS and FOUR scores and to find out their correlation for assessment of head injury (HI) patients.
Method: In this prospective study, we enrolled 72 patients diagnosed with head injury admitted in general surgery department. All patients.....

Key Word: Full Outline UnResponsiveness (FOUR), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Head Injury (HI), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).

[1]. Maas AI. Traumatic brain injury in India: A big problem in need of data. Neurol India 2017; 65:257-8.
[2]. Sternbach GL. The Glasgow Coma Scale. J Emerg Med. 2000; 19:67-71.
[3]. Bastos PG, Sun X, Wagner DP, Wu AW, Knaus WA. Glasgow Coma Scale score in the evaluation of outcome in the intensive care unit: findings from the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III study. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:1459-65.
[4]. Wijdicks EF, Kokmen E, O'Brien PC. Measurement of impaired consciousness in the neurological intensive care unit: a new test. J NeurolNeurosurg Psychiatry 1998; 64:117-9.
[5]. Jalali R, Rezaei M. A comparison of the Glasgow Coma Scale score with full outline unresponsiveness scale to predict patients' traumatic brain injury outcomes in intensive care units. Crit Care Res Pract 2014; 2014: 1-4. 54.

Abstract: Retinal diseases are often associated with systemic diseases like hypertension and diabetes.1 In addition, increasing age and artherosclerosis, race, smoking, a family history of the condition, high cholesterol, high fat intake and genetic factors have been implicated. Furthermore, good control of diabetes and hypertension significantly reduces the risk for retinal complications such as diabetic retinopathy.33

[1]. Sandford-Smith J. Eye Diseases in Hot Climates. 4th Edition. New Delhi:© Elsevier; 2003: 23-376
[2]. Khamar B. Retina-Vitreous. Modern Ophthalmology. 3rd Edition. New Delhi:© Jaypee brothers ltd; 2005:1435–1441
[3]. Onakpoya OH, Olateju SO, Ajayi IA. Retinal diseases in a tertiary hospital: the need for establishment of a vitreo-retinal care unit. J Natl Med Assoc 2008;100(11):1286–1289
[4]. Frick KD, Foster A. The magnitude and cost of global blindness: An incresing problem that can be alleviated. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;135(4):471–476
[5]. World Health Organization. Universal eye health: a global action plan 2014–2019. Geneva; 2013:6–8

Abstract: Introduction: Fibrous hamartoma of infancy is a benign neoplasm of infant and young children showing characteristic triphasic histomorphology. Most of the cases of fibrous hamartoma of infancy (FHI) occur in young boys, aged < 2 years (M:F - 2.7:1). It is a rare tumor having 3 characteristic tissue components in variable proportions i.e. mature fibrous tissue, mature adipocytes and immature mesenchymal component. Clinically it may present as a solitary subcutaneous poorly delimited tumour. Occasionally, it may recur as is evident in the current case......

Key Word: Spindle cells, adipocytes, myxomatous tissue, benign, asymptomatic.

[1]. Reye RDK. A consideration of certain subdermal fibromatous tumours of infancy. J Pathol Microbiol. 1956;72(1):149-54.
[2]. Enzinger FM. Fibrous Hamartoma of Infancy. Cancer. 1965;18(2):241-8.
[3]. Saab ST, McClain CM, Coffin CM. Fibrous hamartoma of infancy: a clinico-pathologic analysis of 60 cases. Amer J Surg Pathol. 2014;6:394-401.
[4]. Rubin E, Farber JL-Development and genetic diseases. Chapter 6, p277. In 'pathology' Rubin et al (ed) 3rd edition, 1999 Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia.
[5]. Minna JD, Neoplasms of the lung 1987, Chapter 213, p 1115-1123 In 'Harrison's principles of medicine Mc Graw-Hill. New York

Abstract: Background: Acute pancreatitis (A.P.) is a state of disease where the pancreas becomes inflamed (swollen) over a short interval of time due to various multifactorial causes which are still under research. The pancreas is a retroperitoneal organ, located behind the stomach, with multiple important visceral structures by it's neighbourhood making it one of the most difficult organ to handle & treat during it's diseased states. Pancreas also harbours various digestive enzymes in their inactive forms that helps in digestion of food particles upon activation in a proper location. When these enzymes get activated in an abnormal location due to many reasons, they start digesting the structures that come in their contact......

Key Word: Acute Pancreatitis, Red Cell Distribution Width, RPR, Revised Atlanta Classification, Prognostic marker, severity, Tertiary care hospital

[1]. Stevenson K, Carter CR. Acute pancreatitis. Surgery. 2013;31:295–303
[2]. Al Mofleh IA. Severe acute pancreatitis: pathogenetic aspects and prognostic factors. World J Gastroenterol. 2008;14:675–684.
[3]. Isenmann R, Rau B, Beger HG. Early severe acute pancreatitis: characteristics of a new subgroup. Pancreas. 2001;22:274–278.
[4]. Pitchumoni CS, Patel NM, Shah P. Factors influencing mortality in acute pancreatitis: can we alter them? J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005;39:798–814
[5]. Lippi G, Filippozzi L, Montagnana M, Salvagno GL, Franchini M, Guidi GC, Targher G. Clinical usefulness of measuring red blood cell distribution width on admission in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2009;47:353–357.

Abstract: Background: Activation of HPA axis represent one of several important response to severe stress or critical illness. Cortisol, the main glucocorticoid hormone of adrenal cortex in response to activation of HPA Axis has important role in many of the physiological functions necessary during critical illness. But in cirrhosis there is suppression of HPA axis due to low level of serum cholesterol, HDL & LDL which in turn worsen the outcome due to relative deficiency of cortisol. Measurement......

[1]. Harrison's principles of internal medicine " 20th Ed. Vol:1,2.
[2]. Digestive disease in the United States: Epidemiology and Impact. NIDDK; Bethesda, MD:1994.NIH publication No. 94- 1447.
[3]. Schuppan D, Afdhal NH. Liver Cirrhosis, Lancet 2008, March 2008; 371(9615).
[4]. Wolf DC. Cirrhosis. Medscape Update 2013.
[5]. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and liver disease.