iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2023

Abstract: Background : Acute Coronary Syndrome (Acs) Refers To A Spectrum Of Diseases Occurring Due To An Abrupt Reduction In Blood Flow Through A Coronary Artery To A Cardiac Tissue. Clinical Presentations Vary According To The Degree Of Coronary Artery Occlusion And Subsequent Myocardial Ischaemia(1).Though Chest Pain Has A Diverse List Of Differential Diagnosis , It Is Essential That An Acute Coronary Syndrome Versus A Non-Cardiac Cause Be Differentiated. In A Setting Such As Casualty , A Quick, Evidence-Based Decision Is Necessary To Avoid A Missed Diagnosis Or Wrong Discharge Surrounding An Uncertain Aetiology For Chest Pain. A Prediction Tool, The Heart Score Was Developed To Help Emergency Physicians Risk-Stratify Chest Pain Patients Who Will Develop A Major Adverse Cardiac Event (Mace)........

Key Word: Heart Score ,Mace

[1]. Byrne C, Toarta C, Backus B, Holt T. The HEART score in predicting major adverse cardiac events in patients presenting to the emergency department with possible acute coronary syndrome: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology. Syst Rev. 2018 Oct 2;7(1).
[2]. Mirzapolos O, Wagner R, Brill A, Lepore F. Retrospective Validation of HEART Score for Chest Pain Patients in the Emergency Department. Clin Med Res (N Y). 2021;10(1):20.
[3]. Short L, La VT, Patel M, Pai RG. Primary and Secondary Prevention of CAD: A Review. International Journal of Angiology. 2022 Mar 24;31(01):016–26.
[4]. Dalen JE, Alpert JS, Goldberg RJ, Weinstein RS. The epidemic of the 20(th) century: coronary heart disease. Am J Med. 2014 Sep;127(9):807–12.
[5]. Cassar A, Holmes DR, Rihal CS, Gersh BJ. Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: Diagnosis and Management. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009 Dec;84(12):1130–46.

Abstract:BACKGROUND- Bioactive glass and calcium phosphosilicate materials have demonstrated their ability to enhance bone regeneration through interfacial reactions and osteoblastic activation. The study aims to compare and evaluate the potency of bioactive glass and xenograft with platelet rich fibrin for bony defects. METHODS- An experimental and prospective study was conducted on 40 cases (20 cases of Bioactive glass with PRF and 20 cases of Xenograft with PRF) in patients with clinical and radiological evidence of bone loss who reported to the department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, People's College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal. Parameters assessed were- pain, inflammation, wound breakdown and infection..........

Keywords: Bioactive glass, Xenograft, Novabone putty, Platelet Rich Fibrin, Osteostimulative property, Osteoconductive property.

[1]. Haugen HJ, Lyngstadaas SP, Rossi F, Perale G. Bone grafts: which is the ideal biomaterial?. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2019 Jun;46:92-102. [2]. Hanes PJ. Bone replacement grafts for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. Oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of North America. 2007 Nov 1;19(4):499-512.
[3]. Alnemer NA, Alquthami H, Alotaibi L. The use of bone graft in the treatment of periapical lesion. Saudi Endod J 2017;7:115-128.
[4]. Scheper E, DeClercq M, Ducheyne P, Kempeneers R. Bioactive glass particulate material as filler for bone lesions. J Oral Rehabil. 1991; 18:439-452.
[5]. Biswas S, Sambashivaiah S, Kulal R, Bilichodmath S, Kurtzman GM. Comparative Evaluation of Bioactive Glass(Putty) and Platelet Rich Fibrin in Treating Furcation Defects. J. Oral Implantol. 2016, 42, 411-415.

Abstract: Background- The goal of nutritional support in the surgical patient is to prevent or reverse the catabolic effects of disease or injury. Nutritional assessment is essential for identifying patients who are at risk of developing complications related to significant malnutrition. Serum albumin is the most important laboratory test for the diagnosis of protein calorie under nutrition. Methods- All patients 20 to 80 years of age undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery under the surgical unit 2, department of surgery in SMS hospital, Jaipur........

Key words – Albumin, Nutritional assessment, major gastrointestinal surgery, complications

[1]. John MacFie; Nutrition and Fluid Therapy. Bailey and Love, Short Practice of Surgery 25th edn, 223.
[2]. N.Engl. J. Med 1991; 325:52; The Washington Manual of Surgery; 5th edition
[3]. N. Engl. J. Med 1991; 325:525 Arch surg 1999; 134:36; The Washington Manual of Surgery; 5th edition
[4]. Robert B Baron Nutrition - Assessment of nutritional status. Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2006; 1263
[5]. Badac V. Jan, Stephen F. Lowry Systemic response to injury and metabolic support; 9th edition, 40 Shwartz Principles of Surgery

Abstract: Background: As cardiac dominance pattern varies in different populations. Dominance pattern of the heart has got important clinical significance. Since there are few studies available to determine coronary artery dominance in Western India so keeping this in view present study was done to determine coronary artery dominance in Western India. Material and methods: Descriptive type of observational study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur (Rajasthan). 60 formalin fixed human cadaveric hearts following inclusion and exclusion criteria were dissected according to the protocol described in the Cunningham's manual and the variations in the dominance pattern on the basis of origin of posterior interventricular artery were noted and classified..........

Keywords: Coronary Artery, Cardiac Dominance, Cadavers.

[1]. Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Clinically Oriented Anatomy.6th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer; 2010. p.144 – 47.
[2]. Datta AK. Essentials of human anatomy, Thorax and Abdomen. 8th ed. Calcutta: Current Books International; 2008. p.85.
[3]. Goldberg A, Southern DA, Galbraith PD, Traboulsi M, Knudtson ML. Coronary dominance and prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Am Heart J 2007;154: 1116–22.
[4]. Cunningham's textbook of Anatomy. 13thed. Oxford Medical Publications, Oxford University Press; 1981. p. 920 – 921.
[5]. Nerantzis CE, Lefkidis CA, Smiroff TB, Devaris PS. Variations in the origin of the posterior interventricular artery with respect to the crux cordis and the posterior interventricular groove- An anatomical study. Anat. Rec.1980; 252(3):413-17.

Abstract: Introduction: Cholelithiasis or gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that is formed in the gall bladder. Open cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy are the surgical interventions done to remove gall bladder in these cases. During investigations of these cases of cholelithiasis it is often found that there is significant alteration in liver function test depending upon different forms of cholecystectomy i.e, open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy which produces sometimes symptomatic and sometimes asymptomatic biochemical changes in the body........

Keywords: Cholecystectomy, laparoscopic, pneumoperitonium, liver function tests.

[1]. Andrei VE, Schein M, Margolis M, Rucinski JC, Wise L. Liver enzymes are commonly elevated following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Is elevated intra-abdominal pressure the cause? Digestive Surgery 2018; 15( 3): 256-259.
[2]. Anna-Maria Koivusalo, lImoKellokumpu, Mika Scheinin, IkkaTikkanen, HeikkiMakisalo, Leena Lindgren. A comparison of gasless mechanical and conventional carbon dioxide pneumoperitonium methods for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesth Analg 2018; 88: 153-158.
[3]. Finan KR, Leeth RR, Whitley BM, Klapow JC, Hawn MT. Improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life after cholecystectomy. Am J Surg 2016;192:196-202
[4]. Hasukic S, Kosuta D, Muminhodzic K. Comparison of Postoperative Hepatic Function between Laparoscopic and Open Cholecystectomy. MedPrincPract.2005;14(3):147–150. Available from:https://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084630.
[5]. Schilling MK, Redaelli C, Krahenbuhl L, Signer C, Buchler MW. Splanchnic micro circulatory changes during CO2 laparoscopy. J Am Coll Surg. 1997;184(4):378–382.

Abstract: Background: Although, the pathogens of surgical site infections (SSIs) are same, a shift from naïve bacteria to drug-resistant organisms has been observed, resulting in a worse prognosis for patients and increased costs for the Health Systems. Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the bacterial flora associated with SSI with their antimicrobial susceptibility (AST) pattern & resistance mechanisms in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The research is experimental in nature, but it also contains a descriptive element. Both of these are being looked into. Before it was carried out in Indore.........

[1]. Ganguly PS, Khan Y, Malik A. Nosocomial infection and hospital procedures. Indian J Comm Med. 2000 Jan 1;25:39-45. [2]. Radu AD, Preda M, Popescu O, Mahler B. HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS. ROMANIAN ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY. 2022 Jan;81(1):38-44. [3]. Asaad AM, Badr SA. Surgical siteinfections in developing countries:. Current burden and futurechallenges. Clin Microbiol. 2016;5(6):1-2. [4]. Nasir AA, Rothstein DH, Cox S, Ameh EA. Surgical site infection. Pediatric Surgery: A Comprehensive Textbook for Africa. 2020:165-72. [5]. Borchardt RA, Tzizik D. Update on SSI: the new CDC guidelines. Jaapa. 2018 Apr 1;31(4):52-4.

Abstract: Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin on bone regeneration after peri radicular surgery in healthy and diabetic dogs Materials and Methods: Sixteen adult male dogs were included according to the power study (Eight dogs healthy and eight dogs diabetic). Root canal treatment of the mandibular 4th premolar teeth on both sides was done. one bone defect (7 mm × 7 mm × 7 mm each) was created in each side of the mandible in relation to the distal root of the selected teeth According to the bone cavity filling materials used there were two groups: platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the.........

Key Word: Bone regeneration, bone density, platelet-rich fibrin, peri radicular surgery

1 Naik B, Karunakar P, Jayadev M, Marshal VR. Role of Platelet rich fibrin in wound healing: A critical review. Journal of conservative dentistry: JCD. 2013 Jul;16(4):284.
2 Abramovitz I, Better H, Shacham A, Shlomi B, Metzger Z. Case selection for apical surgery: a retrospective evaluation of associated factors and rationale. J Endod 2002;28:527—30.
3. Albrektsson T, Johansson C Osteoinduction, osteoconduction and osseointegration. Eur Spine J 2001: S96-101.
4 Moseley KF. Type 2 diabetes and bone fractures. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2012; 19:128–135.
5 Gonzalez Y, Herrera MT, Soldevila G, et al. High glucose concentrations induce TNF-alpha production through the down-regulation of CD33 in primary human monocytes. BMC Immunol. 2012; 13:19..

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a chronic, prevalent disease that affects synovial joints and can lead to disability. Signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis is joints pain, tenderness, crepitus, stiffness and limitation of movement with occasional effusion and varying degrees of local inflammation.kinesiophobia is a fear of movement. For some patients with OA, kinesiophobia is a main reason for functional disability. OBJECTIVE: To find out the correlation between Kinesiophobia and functional disability among patients with knee osteoarthritis.....

KEY WORDS: Knee osteoarthritis Kinesiophobia WOMAC TAMPA scale of Kinesiophobia

[1]. Hsu H, Siwiec RM. Knee osteoarthritis;2018.
[2]. Altman R, Alarcon G, et al. The American College of Rheumatology criteria for classification reporting of osteoarthritis of the hip. Arthritis Rheum. 1991;34:505-514.
[3]. Physiological risk factors for falls in people with knee osteoarthritis before and early after knee replacement surgery P Levinger, HB Menz, E Wee, JA Feller - Knee surgery, sports, 2011 – Springer.
[4]. Kellgren JH LJ. Radiological assessment of osteoarthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1957;16:494-502.
[5]. Ekediegwu EC, Akpaenyi CE, Nwosu IB, Onyeso OK. Demographic and disease charac-teristics associated with pain intensity, kinesiophobia, balance, and fall self-efficacy among people with osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2022 Jun 6;23(1):544