iosr-JECE   Volume-12 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2017

Abstract: A novel design approach has been proposed to evaluate the detection ability of a target using poly-semantic sequences (PSS) in the presence of high additive noise. The PSS are optimized by employing Hamming Backtrack algorithm with figure of merit as the measure of goodness. The simulation results show that the proposed sequences give improved robustness of noise for target detection.

Keywords: Hamming Backtrack Algorithm, Poly-Semantic Sequences, Optimal Binary Codes.

[1] I.A. Pasha, N. Sudershan Rao, P. S. Moharir, "Poly-alphabetic Pulse Compression Radar Signal Design," Modeling, Measurement & Control, Journal of AMSE, vol.74, no.4, pp.57-64, 2001.
[2] Y. Mallikarjuna Reddy , I. A. Pasha, S. Vathsal, "Poly-alphabetic radar signal processor for efficient target detection" International radar Symposium I -2007, Bangalore, pp. 30-34.
[3] I. A. Pasha, P. S. Moharir & V. M. Pandharipande, " Poly-semantic binary pulse compression radar sequences", IEEE TENCON 2003, IEEE Technical conference on convergent technologies for the Asia-Pacific.
[4] Moharir. P.S., RajaRajeswari. K. and VenkataRao. K., "New figures of merit for pulse compression sequences", Journal of IETE, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 209-216, 1992.
[5] RajaRajeswari. K. et.al. "New figures of merit for range resolution radar using hamming and euclidean distance concepts" Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Multimedia Systems & Signal Processing, Hangzhou, China, April 15-17, 2007 pp.-139-145, 2007.

Abstract: Microstrip patch antenna is used in modern communication device. A modified rectangular patch antenna is designed and probed at 28 GHz in this paper. The designed antenna has resonating frequency of 28 GHz which is pertinent for 5G antenna. The blueprint is contrived on Fr4-Eproxy material used as a dielectric material. Its dielectric constant (εr) is 4.4 and thickness is of 1.6mm. For optimum performance the no. of elements and component spacing are studied. Thus it has potential for 5G applications.

Keywords: Patch, HFSS, Slot, Resonating frequency, 5G.

[1] Tanish Narang; Shubhangi jain; "Microstrip Patch Antenna- A Historical Perspective of the Development", Conference on Advance in Communication and Control Systems2013 (CAC2S 2013).
[2] Z.Ying, Antennas in Cellular Phones for Mobile Communications," in Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol..No. 100, pp. 2286-2296, July 2012.
[3] www.wikipedia.com : "5G"
[4] ^Lel, Kai Forg,Luk Kwai-Mann: Microstrip patch Antenna, (World scientific, ISBN-184816453X,PP- 8-12)
[5] Wonbin Hoklg : DMC R&D Centre,(Samsung electron,Suwon,South Korea)

Abstract: Today life is rapidly changing. New innovations, new things daily happing in today's life. Technology is going beyond our expectation. Also for this changing technology security issue is very important. This paper is about method for real time human Face detection and determining their age, gender and weight. Automatic age estimation, it remains a challenging problem. This is because the face aging process is determined not only by intrinsic factors, e.g. genetic factors, but also by ex-trinsic factors, e.g. lifestyle, expression, and environment. There are many methods have been proposed in the literature for the age estimation and gender classification.........

Keywords: Raspberry pi, Face detection, Age estimation, Gender and Weight determination

[1]. Sarala A. Dabhade & Mrunal S. Bewoor (2012), "Real Time Face Detection and Recognition using Haar - based Cascade Classifier and Principal Component Analysis", International Journal of Computer Science and Management Research, Vol. 1, No. 1.
[2]. Faizan Ahmad, Aaima Najam & Zeeshan Ahmed (2013), "Image-based Face Detection and Recognition: State of the Art", IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 9, Issue. 6, No. 1.
[3]. Hussein Rady (2011), "Face Recognition using Principle Component Analysis with Different Distance Classifiers", IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, Vol. 11, No. 10, Pp. 134–144.
[4]. S. Sankarakumar, Dr.A. Kumaravel & Dr.S.R. Suresh (2013), "Face Detection through Fuzzy Grammar", International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 2.
[5]. A. Lanitis, C. J. Taylor, and T. F. Cootes, "Toward automatic simulation of aging effects on face images," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 442–455, Apr. 2002.

Abstract: Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising technique that offers a solution to the spectrum scarcity problem by dynamically exploiting the underutilization of the spectrum among the bands. There are numerous procedures to detect spectrum using CRs like energy detection (ED), matched filter detection (MFD), cyclostationary feature detection (CFD), waveform based detection (WBD) and so on. In this paper, the most popular techniques i.e. ED, MFD and CFD and their comparative analysis are discussed. Investigation is done by discussing theoretical aspect of the spectrum sensing techniques that are based on primary transmitter detection and receiver operating characteristics.........

Keywords: Cognitive Radio; Energy detection; Matched filter detection, Cyclostationary feature detection.

[1]. S. Haykin, "Cognitive radio: brain empowered wireless communication," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 23, pp. 201– 220, Feb. 2005.
[2]. J. Mitola and G. Q. Maguire, "Cognitive radio: making software radios more personal," IEEE Personal Commun., vol. 6, pp. 13-18, Aug. 1999.
[3]. A. Ghasemi, Sousaes, "Spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks: the cooperation-processing tradeoff," Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, pp. 1049-1060, 2007.
[4]. H. Urkowitz, Energy Detection of Unknown Deterministic Signals," Proc of the IEEE, vol. 55, no. 4. pp.523-531, Apr.1967.
[5]. Y. Zou, Y.D Yao, and B. Zheng, "Outage Probability Analysis of Cognitive Transmissions: Impact of Spectrum Sensing Overhead," IEEE Tans. on Wireless Commun., vol.9, no. 8,pp.2676-2688, Aug.2010.

Abstract: Generalized spatial modulation (GSM) is a special case of MIMO system. The GSM system has more number of transmitting antennas where as less number of transmitting radio frequency chains. Spatial modulation (SM) is a special case of GSM where we use single number of transmitting radio frequency chain. In this paper, we have investigated GSM for large-scale multiuser MIMO communications on the uplink. Our contribution in this paper include an average bit error probability analysis for maximum-likelihood detection in multiuser GSM-MIMO on the uplink, where we derive an upper bound on the ABEP, In simulation Such as comparison of SNR gains in GSM-MIMO,.......

Keywords: Large-scale MIMO systems, generalized spatial modulation, GSM-MIMO receive..

[1]. A. Chockalingam and B. S. Rajan, Large MIMO Systems.Cambridge,U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, Feb. 2014.
[2]. F. Rusek et al., "Scaling up MIMO: Opportunities and challenges withvery large arrays," IEEE Signal Process. Mag., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 40–60,Jan. 2013.
[3]. R. C. de Lamare, "Massive MIMO systems: Signal processing challenges and research trends," Dept. Electron.,Univ.York,York, U.K.,Oct.28, 2013.
[4]. E. G. Larsson, O. Edfors, F. Tufvesson, and T. L. Marzetta, "Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 186–195, Feb. 2014.
[5]. M. Di Renzo, H. Haas, and P. M. Grant, "Spatial modulation for multipleantenna wireless systems: A survey," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 50,no. 12, pp. 182–191, Dec. 2011..

Abstract: The current development in the use of the mobile communication systems and the growth in the population and the location area has necessited the research study in area of an intelligent mobility management scheme, and from the results obtained, it was found that the mobile to mobile call setup times showed a better performance as compared to the fixed network to a mobile call setup and mobile to a fixed call setup times. Moreover, increasing the number of location areas within the switches do not affect the inter-Mobile Service Switching Centres (MSC), handovers and Location updates since the size of the Switch coverage areas remain the same. However, when the Location areas within the switches are increased, the intra-MSC Location updates and handover also increases. Finally, Mobility user Scheme directly affects the signaling traffic for handovers, Location managements, radio resource allocations and routings.

Keywords: Mobile communication, Optical, Switching and System

[1]. F. U. Nweke, S. I. Anyigor and R. C. Iwu (2015). Mobility Management Scheme for Mobile Communication System (A Review). Joournal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vol. 10, Issue 6, Nov. 2015.
[2]. Bale M. C. (1995). Signaling in the Intelligent Network.BT Technology Journals, Vol. 13 No. 2.
[3]. Bafatta .M and Schopp (1996). Performance evaluation of IN based mobility management, University of Stuttgart
[4]. Hong D. and Rappaport S.S. (1986). "Traffic Model and Performance Analysis for Cellular Mobile Radio Telephone Systems with Prioritized and Non prioritized Handoff Procedures", IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. VT-35, No. 3, pp. 77-92. Lobley N.C. (1995) Intelligent mobile networks, BT Technology Journal, Vol.13 No.2,
[5]. Madhavapeddy S. (1994) "Optimal Paging in Cellular Mobile Telephone Systems", Proc. ITC 14, pp. 493-502...

Abstract: This study focused on inter-cell interference management for the next general wireless communication system in Abakaliki Ebonyi State. The objective of the study was to find out the extent inter-cell interference is managed in Nigeria communication system, four research questions were formulated to guide the study, the design was descriptive survey. The population of the study comprised 1450 out of which samples of 145 staffs were randomly selected. The structural questionnaire. Mean and frequencies were used for data analysis. The findings of the study among other things revealed that inter-cell interference management materials are rare among the network providers in Abakaliki Ebonyi State. Based on the findings of the study some recommendations were made.

Keywords: Interference, Management, Wireless and Next generation

[1]. Adomi (2006). An assessment of computer literacy skill of professional in Nigeria university, libraries.
[2]. Ajayi, G. O (2000). Challenges to Nigeria of globalization and the information Ago. A keynote address at the workshop on national information communication infrastructure. Maitama Abuja.
[3]. Anderson (1973). Channel allocation and borrowing in communication.
[4]. Berglund and Hassman (1996). Noise pollution can have a considerable effect on communication.
[5]. EURASIP Journal (2011). Wireless communication and networking

Abstract:In the case of Cardio Vascular Disease patients, it is always advantageous, if missing ECG beats are detected for early warning. Ideally, this missing beat detection is required, irrespective of mobility and sleep state of the CVD patient, for providing early warning .Considering its Bio-compatible requirement, a Flexible electronic patch design has been evolved and missing ECG Beat detection, sub unit design, based on printable Thin Film Transistors (TFT) evolved has been illustrated in this publication. A non gel Epidermal ECG electrode patch provides ECG waveform, at one of the input terminals of XOR TFT logic printed on Flexible substrate like Polyamide PMDS film..............

Keywords: Beat Detection, ECG, Epidermal Patch, Printed OLED, QRS Complex, TFT, XOR

[1] Bahman Kheradmand-Boroujeni et al., "Analog Characteristics of Fully Printed Flexible Organic Transistors Fabricated With Low-
Cost Mass-Printing Techniques" IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 51, no. 5, pp 1423-1430, May 2014
[2] A.C. Hubler et al., "Fully mass printed loudspeakers on paper" Organ. Electron., vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 2290-2295, Nov. 2012
[3] S H Kim et al. "Ink-jet printed organic thin-film transistors for low-voltage driven CMOS circuits with solution processed AlOx
gate insulator", IEEE Electron Device Lett, vol. 34, no. 2 pp 307-309, Feb 2013
[4] Yingzhe Hu et al. "Large-Scale Sensing System Combining Large Area Electronics and CMOS ICs for Structural- Health
Monitoring", IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, vol. 49, no. 2, Feb 2014
[5] R Shabanpour et al. Technische Universitat Dresden, Germany and N Munzenrieder et al. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,
Zurich, Switzerland "A Fully Integrated Audio Amplifier in Flexible a-IGZO TFT Technology for Printed Piezoelectric
Loudspeakers", 2015 European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD)

Abstract: The purpose of this project work is to design an anti-smuggling system which is useful in Protected Forest areas. The Theft and illegal movement of commercial trees like Sandalwood, Teak, Sagwan., etc have been a major concern. It is also a theft to Forest Flora and fauna. As concerned citizens our ideology is to prevent such smuggling activities by using latest technologies. Hence a SMART SOLAR based Module has been devised which operates in a particular area and maintains database of the identified trees. Trees are made Smart with sensors embedded in them, forming a Sensor Network that communicates using GPRS with the Server, based on Internet of Things (IoT) concept...........

Keywords: Renesas Microcontroller, Sensors, GPRS, Solar Power and Amazon Web Service etc

[1]. Anti Smuggling System for Trees in Forest using Flex Sensor and Zigbee International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) Volume 3, Issue 9,September 2014 Narhari R. Kotkar M.E.(ESD And VLSI)
[2]. Preventive System for Forests -International Journal of Computer Science Trends and Technology (I JCST) – Volume 4 Issue 1, Jan - Feb 2016Prasad R. Khandar, K. Deivanai, M.Tech, Assistant Professor, School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT University, Chennai Campus - Tamil Nadu - India
[3]. Anti Smuggling Alarm System for Trees in Forest Using Android, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4, Issue 10, October 2014)Harsha Puranik, B. N. Bansode, S. S. Kataria, Electronics Department, Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, India.
[4]. Development and analysis of the vertical capacitive accelerometer InnamLeea, Gil HoYoona, Jungyul Parka, SeonhoSeokb, KukjinChunb, Kyo-Il Leea,∗ a School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, South Koreab School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South KoreaReceived Available online 11 November 2004
[5]. Innovative Protection of Valuable Trees fromSmuggling Using RFID and Sensors International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,Engineering and TechnologyVol. 6, Issue 3, March 2017 Dept. of EEE, Vel Tech High Tech Dr.RangarajanDr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi,Chennai, India

Abstract: Agriculture is the basis of livelihood for the farmers through the production of food and important raw materials. Agriculture faces various challenges, hence becoming harder to attain its primary objective of feeding the growing population every year. Long lasting solutions would require rethinking of rural development by technology penetration and taking agricultural practices towards structural transformations that embodies the smarter methods and profits the farmers. Here in this paper we are determining the diseases that are caused to tomato plant and classification of each diseases through SVM classifier and development of a system to check the NPK and pH values in soil which..........

Keywords: LPC2148 Microcontroller, Internet of things (IOT), Nitrogen prosperous potassium(NPK), Pouvoir hydrogen(pH sensor), Support vector mechanism,

[1] Sari, Yuita Arum, R V Hari Ginardi, Riyanarto Sarno. "Assessment of Color Levels in Leaf Color Chart UsingSmartphone Camera with Relative Calibration". Information Systems International Conference (ISICO), 2013: 631-636.
[2] Raid, Richard Neil, and J. C. Comstock. Sugarcane rust disease. University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, EDIS, 1998.
[3] Camargo, A., and J. S. Smith. "Image pattern classification for the identification of disease causing agents in plants." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 66.2 (2009): 121-125.
[4] Asraf, H. Muhammad, M. T. Nooritawati, and M. S. B. Rizam. "A Comparative Study in Kernel-Based Support Vector Machine of Oil Palm Leaves Nutrient Disease." Procedia Engineering 41 (2012): 13531359.
[5] Phadikar, Santanu, Jaya Sil, and Asit Kumar Das. "Rice diseases classification using feature selection and rule generation techniques." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 90 (2013): 76-85.

Abstract: Mobile communication has become fundamental for the human life; there is a thriving in the developed technologies. So, the operators are facing a lot of problems for the best uses of the different radio access technology (RATs) that they may have. In this paper, RAT selection algorithm based on four different Radio Access Technologies (RATs).These technologies coexist, namely [UMTS and LTE with Omni directional Antenna, GSM with three sectors and DCS with three sectors. Voice and data application are considered in the heterogeneous wireless networks.sumulation results show the improvement of the whole capacity, Qosand decreases the percentage of UN served users after applyingtheProposed Model.For common propagationmodel (free space). The paper is done via Mat lab tool which will be built based on a random distribution of the customer,

Keywords: Radio Resource Management, Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, RAT Selection Algorithms, Quality of Service vector mechanism,

[1]. M. G. Chen and W. B. Wang, "The Principle and Application of Cooperative Wireless Communication", Mechanic industry Press.2009, pp.11-15.
[2]. G. T. Karetsos, S. A. KyriazakosA and E. Groustiotis, "A hierarchical radio resource management framework for integrating WLANs in cellular networking environments", IEEE press. 2005, pp.11.
[3]. System Architecture Evolution( release 8), 3GPP TS 36.401, 2009, pp.42.
[4]. IEEE Standard for Architectural Building Blocks Enabling NetworkDevice Distributed Decision Making for Optimized Radio Resource Usage in Heterogeneous Wireless Access Networks, IEEE Std 1900.4™-2009. 2009, pp.1.
[5]. G. Q. Ning and L. X. Zhu, "Load Balancing Based on Traffic Selection in Heterogeneous Overlapping Cellular Networks", IEEE press. 2005.

Abstract: We present different types of representations of FLRW metrics. The form of FLRW metric depends on the solution from which it was obtained as a limit.

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