IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-2 ~ Feb-2014

Abstract: The Study examined gender differences in perceived effect of cultism on campus safety. Five hundred and seven (507) undergraduates comprising 239 males and 268 females aged between 19 – 28 years with a mean age of 23years and standard deviation of 2.39 participated in the study. The Multidimensional Campus Safety Questionnaire (MCSQ): Nnedum & Unachukwu, 2008) was the instrument used for the study. Two(2) hypotheses were tested in the study, the first hypothesis stated that there will be no significant difference in the male and female students perceptions of their campus safety using their mean scores and it was confirmed: males (M = 39.92, SD = 7.05), females (M = 39.93, SD = 7.01). The second hypothesis which stated that the extent students perceived effect of cultism in the campus will not differ significantly based on their gender was rejected (Z[498] = .00, P<.05, Males (M = 28.13, SD = 7.70, females (M = 30.22, SD = 6.07). The study concludes that there is no difference in the way students perceives campus safety although a difference showed in the way they perceive the effect of cultism in the campus.

Keywords: Gender, Cultism, Campus Safety

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Abstract:Academic libraries which are considered to be nerve centers of academic and research activities must help achieve the academic goals of their parent institutions and this is possible only through developing adequate library collection and/or providing seamless and wider access to relevant electronic resources. Chukwu (1998) maintains that the major indicator of a good library is the quality and quantity of its collections. It is necessary for university libraries to acquire current and relevant information resources necessary for sustaining the teaching, learning, and research activities that universities are known for.

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[3]. Arlitch, Kenning and Jonsson, Jeff. Aggregating Distributed Digital Collection in the Mountain West: Digital Library with the ContentDM Multi-Site Server. Library Hi Tech. 23 (2); 2005, Jun.; 220-232. <http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378830510605179>
[4]. Ashoor, Mohammad-Salch. Information Literacy: A Case Study of the KFUPM Library.The Electronic Library. 23 (4); 2005, Aug.; 398-409. <http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02640470510611463>

Abstract: Influence of stigma consciousness (belief or feeling that one will be negatively stereotyped by others) and coping strategies (social support, information and problem) on the CD4 counts (measure of immune system) of People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) were examined. 430 PLWHA (men=148 & women=282), aged 17 to 70 (M=35.73; SD=8.4) years were studied.

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Abstract:The essay captures those Elements of Complementary Reflection as utility principles in a complementary society that can serve the purpose of a philosophy of integration using the instruments provided by its own framework as paradigms for a universal understanding within the African Milieu. It discusses the dynamics of change within, which we can have as individuals should we maintain as human beings full of potentials to become what we ought to be, in a complementary framework,

[1]. Asouzu, I. I. (2004). The Method and Principles of Complementary Reflection in and beyond African Philosophy. Nigeria: University of Calabar Press.
[2]. Asouzu, I. I. (2003). Effective Leadership and the Ambivalence of Human Interest: The Nigerian Paradox in a Complementary Perspective. Nigeria: University of Calabar Press.
[3]. Asouzu, I. I. (2006). "Re-ethnicizing the Minds? Culture Revival in Contemporary Thought". Ed. Thorsten Botz-Bornstein Jurgen Hengelbrock, Canada: www.rodopi.nl/2006.

Abstract: The World Health Organization defined health in 1946 as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. This definition underscores a very important point which is; health is as much a social as a biological issue, and it provides major clues as to how a society or nation works. Societies with a lot of sickness and early death are likely to be socially organized very differently from those where people live longer lives and experience less illness. Though there is some non-epidemic diseases like: suicide, the addiction of drugs, alcohol abuse and mental disorders, which lead to the exercise of violence in the society.

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Abstract: Empowerment of women means equipping women to be economically independent, self-reliant, have a positive self-esteem to enable them to face any difficult situation and they should be able to participate in development activities and in the process of decision making. It has been globally recognized that women's empowerment can be well paying strategy for overall economic and social development. This has resulted insignificant changes in the approach to assist, women in a continuum ranging from welfare to development. Entrepreneurship development among women is one activity that promises encouraging results.

[1]. AchalaSrivastava (2009),"Empowerment of Women–Need, Constraint and Government Efforts", Micro-Finance and Women Empowerment, Rais Ahmed (ed), Mittal Publications, New Delhi, India, pp:305-322
[2]. AmitaAgarwal (2006), " Empowering Women by Safeguarding their Human Rights – International Standards and Indian Law", Women's Empowerment – Politics and Policies, M.R. Biju (ed), Mittal Publications, New Delhi(India), pp: 185-191.
[3]. Aparajita Mukherjee (2006), "Empowerment of Women and Toward a Solution of the Women Problem", Gender Inequality and Women's Empowerment, RathindraNathPramanik and Ashim Kumar Adhikary (ed), Abhijeet Publications, Delhi, pp: 77-102.
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Abstract: This paper examines the adequacy of legal procedure for receiving Child's in evidence in court's proceedings in Nigeria. The paper notes that children live in a world of imagination and vulnerable to manipulation. The paper identified key evidentiary problems, draws lessons from British jurisdictions and makes suggestions to protect Child as a witness.

1 Cross and Taper on Evidence 8th Edition (1995) Butterworths p. 224.
2 Cap 112 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 1990.
3 Section 77(2) and 117(2) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999.
4 The age of twenty-one has been fixed at common law as that at which absolute and unlimited
Capacity to contract shall commence. Persons below that age are infants for the purpose of
Contractual transactions. See Sagay Nigerian Law of Contract 2nd ed. Spectrum Law Series
p. 475.
5 Section 2(1) Cap 80 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 1990.

Abstract: The Gujjars and Bakkarwal scheduled tribes form the third largest community in Jammu and Kashmir, one of the border states of India and constitute 8.1 percent of the total population in the state. Primarily nomadic communities who move to the lower, middle and higher mountain reaches in the Pir Panjal mountain ranges and even beyond up to Kashmir and Ladakh with the change in seasons along with their flock of buffalos, goats and sheep, they have been severely hit by the armed conflict in Jammu and Kashmir. The present paper aims to understand the impact of conflict situations in Jammu and Kashmir on the migratory practices of Gujjars and Bakkarwals. It also seeks to analyze the annual pattern of migration from upper journeys to the higher hills and return journeys to the lower hills and plains.

Keywords: Tribes, Kashmir, conflict, Gujjars, Bakkarwals, seasonal migration, pastures

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Abstract: Nigerian women are known to play vital roles as mothers, producers, time managers, community organizers and socio-political activists. But despite the major roles they play and their population, the society has not given recognition to this and to the fact that they are discriminated against. The Nigerian society being a patriarchal one, clearly manifests the social categorization of women implicit as being inferior to men and therefore, not capable or suitable for political leadership. This study therefore, is an assessment of women participation in electoral politics using 2003, 2007 and 2011 general elections in Ekiti State, Nigeria as its focus.

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2. Afisunlu, Feyi (2013): “Professor Adelabu sworn in as Ekiti State Deputy Governor”. @dailypost.com.ng accessed on 10th Nov., 2013.
3. Almond, G. A. &Verba, S. (1963): The Civil Culture- Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Boston, Little Brown & Co.
4. Anifowose, R (2003): “Theoretical Perspectives on Elections” in Anifowose, R. &Babawale, T. (eds), 2003 General Elections and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria. Lagos, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES).