IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct-2015

Abstract: The issues of corruption and national security have generated substantial interests particularly regarding its meanings, nature and dimensions. Yet the two issues have remained major challenges in the political economy of contemporary Nigeria. To this extent, this paper merely asks two questions. First, what do we mean when we say corruption and national security? Is there a single meaning or are there multiple meanings? Second, how has the reality of corruption and national security interacted and thereby impacted the political economy of Nigeria as well as India? Is there any relationship between corruption and national security and does the former pose any threat to the latter?

[1]. Bayley, D.N. (1989) – The effect of corruption in a diplomatic nation, In A.J Heildenheimer, M. Johnston and V.T. Levine, Political Corruption , A Handbook, New Brunswick and London, Translated Book
[2]. Lindblom, C.E. (1977) – Politics and Market: the world‟s political economic system, New York Basic book
[3]. Medrd, J.F. (1986) -Political corruption in Africa
[4]. Corruption and Reform
[5]. Myrdal. G. (1989) – Corruption as a hindrance to Modernization in South Asia
[6]. Banfield, Edward, (1958) - The Moral Basis of a Backward Society (Chicago: Free Press)
[7]. Bryce, James, (1921) - Modern Democracies, New York,

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to focus on the infrastructural facilities of the people of Kokrajhar district of Assam. This paper uses data which are collected from the secondary sources. Data have collected from the Census of India, different issues of statistical handbook of Assam and Bodoland Territorial council, journals, internet etc.

[1] Govt. of Assam (2012): Statistical hand Book, Assam, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Assam, Guwahati.
[2] Govt. of Assam (2012, 2011, 2010, 2009): Statistical hand Book, BTC, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, BTC, Kokrajhar. [3] https://en.wikipedia.org

[4] https://www.google.co.in

[5] http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jul2713/at07 [6] http://knoema.com/atlas/India/Kokrajhar-District

Abstract: In recent years, there has been a major shift in perceiving learning from a process confined to individual mind towards process involving social and cultural dimensions. Considering science learning as something isolated from society and confined only to mere observation and experiment is a divorce to the material bond of science and society. The inclusion of argumentation and debate in the science classroom is a rising area of interest among science educators..

[1] C. T. Fosnot, Constructivism: theory, perspectives, and practice (New York, Teachers College Press, 1996).

[2] L. Vygotsky, Thought and language (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1963).

[3] C. Pontecorvo, Social interaction in the acquisition of knowledge, Educational Psychology Review, 5, 1993, 293–310.

[4] E.F. Mortimer & P.H. Scott, Meaning making in secondary science classrooms. (Buckingham, Open University Press, 2003).

[5] R.H. Driver, J. Asoko, E. Leach, P. Mortimer and P. Scott, Constructing scientific knowledge in the classroom, Educational Researcher, 23, 1994, 5–12.

[6] P.Newton, R. Driver and J. Osborne, The place of argumentation in the pedagogy of school science, International Journal of Science Education, 21, 1999, 553–576.

[7] S. Simon, S. Erduran and J. Osborne, Enhancing the quality of argumentation in school science, Proc. Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, New Orleans, LA, 2002.

Abstract: Women Empowerment can be considered a change in the context of a woman's life that enables her increased capacity to lead a fulfilling human life, characterized by external qualities such as health, mobility, education and awareness, status in family, participation in decision making and level of material security, as well as internal qualities such as self-awareness and self confidence. In the era of globalization women empowerment is a vital issue of all over the world. Promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women is one of the fifteenth Millennium Development Goals declared by the UNO. Without empowerment of women in every field like- economic, social, cultural, political etc. no one can think about all round development of the society and the concept of sustainable human development.

[1]. Awasthi, Indira- "Rural Women of India‟, B.R Publishing Corporation, New Delhi-1982
[2]. Agrawal, Meenu- "Economic participation of Rural Women in Agriculture‟, RBSA Publications, Jaipur- Rajasthan.
[3]. Rahmani, M.K.S.- "Women in Islamic Perspective‟ (Translated by- Mufti Md. Shahabuddin Sabeeli) Hazrat Abdullah Ibne-e-Mosood Islamic Academy, Hydarabad-2000,
[4]. Baruah, Jayanta – "Women in the North-Eastern States‟, APPOCCUS Publishing, Guwahati, Assam-2015

Abstract: Objective: The study was carried out with the aim to assess infant feeding and weaning practices among children (6-30 months) in district Ganderbal. Materials and Methods: The present investigation comprised 60 children (36 rural and 24 urban) 31 males & 29 females. The main tool for the collection of data was questionnaire cum interview. The questionnaire was framed in simple language so that the respondents could answer easily. Results: The study revealed that 83.4% rural mothers were giving breast milk as a per lacteal feed while as in contrast to it 37.5% urban mothers fed their babies with either water or honey, sugar, etc. Maximum 83.4% rural and 62.5% urban mothers immediately feed their babies after birth, which also increase successful breast feeding. Most of the mothers were not aware about cleanliness and they do not clean their breast before feeding.

[1]. Ritchey, S.j Taper, J.L (1983) maternal and child Nutrition, PP 213 Harper and Row publishers, New York.
[2]. Shatrunga Vecena, (1982) Breast feeding is best nutrition, vol. 16 , No.2, 2-3.
[3]. Roy, G. Reddy, D.C.S. some aspects of breast-feeding and weaning practices in urban slum community. India, J. public health XXXII (4); 207-208 (4) 1988.
[4]. Gandotra, V.k.sethi, N. and Rishma G.A study of breast-feeding in rural women. Health and population perspectives and issues 13 (1) and (2); 12-20 (1990).
[5]. Singhania, R.U.Kabr, S.K and Bansal, A. Infant-feeding practices in educated mothers from upper socio-economic status. India. Paediatr; 27;591-593 (1990).
[6]. Sinha.A. and kumar, A.R. infant growth in relation to feeding Practices in low income families. India. Paediatr., 28 (1); 57-64 (1991).

Abstract: Colour difference has been one of the most powerful tools for racial segregation and identity-formation in colonial spaces. One of the central engagements of postcolonial literature has been to challenge and dismantle this process of identity-formation based on half-truths or no truths and prejudiced notions of race/ethnicity, nationality and colour. When it comes to racial segregation on the basis of colour, African-American literature stands as an important tradition in challenging the stereotype of the Negro created in white-centric discourse.

[1]. Lewis R. Gordon. "Frantz Fanon and the art of embodying blackness.‟ www.mg.co.za as on 24th of September 2015. Web
[2]. Harriet Beecher Stowe. Uncle Tom‟s Cabin. (USA: 1852). Web.
[3]. Richard Wright. Native Son. (USA: Harper Collins, 1940).
[4]. Ralph Ellison. Invisible Man. (USA: Penguin Books, 1952).
[5]. Lewis R. Gordon. "Frantz Fanon and the art of embodying blackness.‟ www.mg.co.za as on 24th of September 2015. Web
[6]. Richard Wright. Native Son. p. 281.
[7]. Richard Wright. Native Son. p. 281.

Abstract: The Present paper focuses on the maternal and new born health in India and Karnataka. The view of the Worldwide each day 800 women die from causes related to pregnancy and childbirth, while millons more suffer from post partum injuries. In India was 53 per 1000 live births in 2008. In infant mortalit rate and the millenniun developing goal-4 on child survival. In Indian contribute to matenal deaths about a quarter of all golbal level. Maternal mortality as the death of a women during pregnancy or in the first 42 days after the birth of the child due to causes directly or indirectly linked with the pregnancy. Maternal mortality rate in India is 254 per 100,000 live births.

[1]. Chopra H. Overview of adolescent health in India. Indmedica.
[2]. Nair MKC. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Indian Pediatr. 2004;41(1):7-13.
[3]. United Nations. The Millennium Development Goals Report 2011. New York: United Nations;June 2011.
[4]. World Health Organization. Helping parents in developing countries improve Newborn health. Geneva:WHO; 2007.
[5]. Gupta SD. Adolescent reproductive health in India: status, policies, programs, and issues.Washington, DC: Futures Group International,POLICY,USAID;2003.

Abstract: Objective: The study was carried out with the aim to assess the health status of the respondents by their clinical examination, by anthropometric measurements and by dietary survey. Materials and methods: The present investigation comprised school teachers. The tool used for data collection was questionnaire and personal interview. Data was analyzed in the form of percentages and master chart. Results: This study shows that majority of the respondents were having good health status and were not taking any type of medicine. Majority of them had no history of some major surgery done. Their clinical examination revealed that maximum had normal weight and hemoglobin level.

[1]. Chakrabarty, S. P., and Bharati, P.M. (2007). Body form and nutritional status among adult males of different social groups.Journal of Comparative Human Biology, 59(3), 235-251
[2]. Charlto, K.E., and Rose, D. (2001). Nutrition among older adults in Africa.Journal of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, 131(9), 74-91
[3]. Cowan, D. T., Roberts, J.D., and Baldwin, J. (2004). Nutritional status of older people in long term care settings. Journal of Public Health, 26(2), 144-146.
[4]. Fernald, C.H. (2007). Socio-Economic Status and Body Mass Index in low income. Journal of nutrition , 64(10), 2030-2042
[5]. Jyoti, G.S., Ratan, B.A., and Ratan, B. (2009). Nutritional status among adult Bengalee Females of Kolkata. Journal of AnthropologischerAneiger, 6(1), 13-20
[6]. Mosiur, R. M., and Obaida, N.S. (2009). Mothers nutritional status in an impoverished nation. Journal of Nutrition and Wellness, 7(1) 413-425

Abstract: This paper aims at presenting the vocabulary of the school level textbooks where English is taught as a Second Language (SL) and these textbooks are prescribed for Class IV, V & VI and published by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. The different strategies of vocabulary learning like the learnability criteria, language and cultural distance, pronounceability, and use of basic vocabulary are discussed for making a counterpart argument.

Keywords- vocabulary, acquisition, corpus, accuracy, Second language learning

[1]. Allen, V.F. 1983. Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[2]. Allen, J. 1999. Words, Words, Words: Teaching Vocabulary in Grades 4-12. York, ME: Stenhouse.
[3]. Anderson, J. 1986. Structural Aspects of Language Change. London: Longman.
[4]. Brown, C. 1995. Factors effecting the acquisition of vocabulary: Frequency and saliency of words. In T. Hucklin, M. Haynes, and J. Coady (eds.), Second language reading and vocabulary learning. pp. 263 – 286. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex.
[5]. Carter, R.A. 1987. Vocabulary: Applied Linguistic Perspectives. London: Allen and Unwin.
[6]. Carr, E., &Wixson, K.K. 1996. Guidelines for Evaluating Vocabulary Instruction. Journal of Reading, 29(7), 588–595.

Abstract: The present paper is an attempt to analyze the spatial variations of improved sanitation in terms of latrine facilities like piped sewer, septic tank, improved pit, other system and unimproved sanitation like open pit, night soil disposed into open drain, night soil removed by human, night soil serviced by animal, public latrine and open latrine among the households of the districts in the state of Uttar Pradesh. The study is based on secondary sources of data obtained from Census of India publications (2011), New Delhi.

[1] Atkins, C. H. (1944). National Inventory of Needs for Sanitation Facilities. Jstor, 59 (30), 969-978. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org / stable / 4584971
[2] Bhagat, R.B. (2014). Rural and Urban Sanitation in India. Kurukshetra, 63 (2), 11-14.
[3] Census of India (2001). Availability of latrine facility, Data Dissemination Wing, Office of the Registrar General, HH-8 series, India, New Delhi.
[4] Escamilla, V., Knappett, P. S., Yunus, M., Streatfield, P. K., &Emch, M. (2013). Influence of latrine proximity and type on tubewell water quality and diarrheal disease in Bangladesh. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 103(2), 299-308.
[5] Dasra Report on Sanitation in India (2012/September). Squatting Rights, Access to Toilets in Urban India. Retrieved from http://www.dasra.org/pdf/SquattingRights_Report.pdf

Abstract: The paper examines the organizational structuring of security agencies in the face of the implementation of community policing in Njoro Sub-County, Nakuru, Kenya. A cross-sectional survey in Njoro Sub-County was undertaken and data collected from 138 sample respondents using interview schedules. The study targeted three security agencies: the National Government Administration, Kenya Police Service and Administration Police Service; whose officers were the sample respondents.

[1]. Bayley, D. H. (2002). Foreword. In E. Maguire (Ed.), Organizational structure in American police agencies: Context, complexity and control. New York: State University of New York Press.
[2]. Bolman, L. G., and Deal, T.E. (1992). Reframing Organization: Artistry, Choice and Leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[3]. Braga, A. A., and Weisburd, D. L. (2007). Police innovation and crime prevention: Lessons learned from police research over the past 20 years (No. 218585) Washington, DC:
[4]. Connors, Edward and Webster, Barbara. (2001).Transforming the Law Enforcement organization to Community Policing. National Institute of Justice U.S. Department of Justice.
[5]. Cordner, Gary (2007) Community Policing: Principles and Elements, Regional Community policing Institute: Eastern Kentucky University. http://www.kycops.org/wcp.htm (accessed 13/08/2014).
[6]. Darroch, Steve and Mazerolle, Lorraine. (2013) Intelligence-Led Policing: A Comparative analysis of Organizational Factors Influencing Innovation Uptake. Police Quarterly16 (1) 3–37

Abstract: The study was designed to assess the socio-economic status of fishermen and fishing activities dependent on the Jamuna River of Chukaibari Union near Dewengonj Upazilla to study and understand the socio-economic status of fishermen.The study was conducted for four months from July to October 2014. Results of the study revealed that three types of fishermen were engaged in fishing in the Jamuna River.

[1]. DoF (Department of Fisheries). 1996. MatshyaSaptha Sankalan-1996. Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Ramna, Dhaka, 117 pp.
[2]. DoF 2013: National Fish Week Compendium (In Bengali). Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock. Bangladesh.p. 144.
[3]. Shahjahan MM 2000: Study on the fisheries and socio-economic condition of fishermen of the Jamuna river. An MS Thesis, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract: This study deals with the understanding of socio-economic development of rural women through Self Help Group (SHG) with reference to Rajnandgaon district of Chhattisgarh. Social development and economic development was evaluated on the basis of community and individual indicators. Hence, the study considered four independent variables, viz; Community Social Indicators, Individual Social Indicators, Community Economic Indicators and Individual Economic Indicators to analyze socio-economic development of rural women.

[1]. (Chatterjee), t. B. (2010). Economic impact of self-help groups - a case study. Journal of rural development, vol. 28, no. (4) , 451 - 467.
[2]. Anju malhotra, s. R. (2002). Measuring women‟s empowermentas a variable in international development. World bank workshop on poverty and gender: new perspectives, (pp. 1-59).
[3]. B.V. Anantha Ramu, D. B. (2012). SHG – BANK LINKAGE PROGRAMME. Shiv Shakti International Journal in Multidisciplinary and Academic Research (SSIJMAR) , 1-10.
[4]. Babbie, e. R. (1992). The practice of social research. California: belmont, calif. : wadsworth pub. Co.
[5]. Barrientos, M. (2015, june 30). India Economy Profile 2014. Retrieved oct 5, 2015, from www.indexmundi.com: http://www.indexmundi.com/india/economy_profile.html