iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2019

Abstract: Tibial fractures, the most common fractures in adults are commonly treated with casting ,nailing, plating and external fixators. Biological osteosynthesis with relative stability gives best results following early mobilization. Biological osteosynthesis aims at preservation of the blood supply to the fractured fragments and provides biologically favorable environment for the fracture to heal . In the present study we have analysed the advantages of MILPO at various levels of tibial fractures in 20 patients over a period of 2 years . The results are highly encouraging and the advantages are minimal surgical trauma with relative stability and preservation of blood supply to the fracture fragments.

Key words: MILPO , TIBIAL FRACTURES

[1]. I. Kempf, K.S.Leung. Practice of intramedullary locked nails Scientific basis and standard techniques . Volume 1 Chapter 10 pp87-101

[2]. Hicks CA, Noble P, Tullos H. The anatomy of the tibial intramedullary canal.Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995; 321):111

[3]. S.E. Nork, A.K. Schwartz, J. Agel, S.K. Holt, J.L. Schrik, R.A. Winquist Intramedullary nailing of distal metaphyseal tibial fractures J Bone Joint Surg (Am), Volume 87-A, 2005, pp. 1213–1221

[4]. P. Phisitkul, T.O. McKinley, J.V. Nepola, J.L. Marsh Complications of locking plate fixation in complex proximal tibial injuries J Orthop Trauma, Volume 21, 2007, pp. 83–91

[5]. D.J. Redfern, S.U. Syed, S.J.M. Davies Fractures of the distal tibia: minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis Injury, Volume 35, 2004, pp. 615–620

Abstract: Back ground: Early clinical exposure ensures more knowledge about basic sciences, clinical sciences and patient – doctor interactions. Present study was planned to study the impact of early clinical exposure in the knowledge towards anatomy and also interest in studying anatomy. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in first year M.B.B.S 150 students studied in PSG Institute of Medical Science & Research Centre, Coimbatore during the academic year 2013 -14 in Department of Anatomy. Informed consent was taken from the first year M.B.B.S class of 150 students. Pre-test and post-test before and after early clinical exposure sessions were conducted. Feedback also obtained by means of questionnaire......

Keywords: Medical student, Early Clinical Exposure, Pre-test and Post-test

[1]. Sathish kumar S, Thomas N, Tharion E, Neelakantan N, Vyas R. Attitude of medical students towards early clinical exposure in learning endocrine physiology. BMJ Medical Education.2007;7:30.
[2]. Ebrahimi S, Kojuri J, Esfahami AS. Early clinical experience: A way for preparing students for clinical setting. GMJ.2012;1(2):42-47.
[3]. Motilal C T, Noorin B, Nandkumar B K. The Impact Of Early Clinical Exposure on First M.B.B.S Students. Int. jhbr.2014(jul);4(2):176-81.
[4]. Chowbacker S, Nanjundaiah K, Chamanahalli A. NJIRM.2017(oct);8(5):53-56.
[5]. Surekha W M, Ujwal G. Int. Jr. of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2018;17(2):32-35.

Abstract: Endodontic management of immature permanent teeth with open apex involves induction of apical closure by apexification procedure. MTA has been proved as a good material for apexification, owing to its superior sealing properties, biocompatibility, cementogenic and dentinogenic properties. Biodentine is bioactive and biocompatible calcium-based cement can regenerate damaged dental tissues and represents a promising substitute for the multi-visit apexification procedure. This case report describes the management of open apices in maxillary central incisors of the same patient with MTA), and Biodentine and compared the biological activity of both materials..

Keywords: Apexification, Biodentine, Mineral trioxide aggregate, Open apices

[1]. Nayak G, Hasan MF. Biodentine-a novel dentinal substitute for single visit apexification. Restorative dentistry & endodontics. 2014 May 1;39(2):120-5.
[2]. Yadav RK,Tikku AP,Chandra A,Verma P. SINGLE-VISIT APEXIFICATION USING MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE IN IMMATURE PERMANENT TOOTH WITH OPEN APEX. International Journal of Scientific Research. Volume-7 | Issue-3 | March-2018 | ISSN No 2277 - 8179 | IF : 4.758 | IC Value : 93.98
[3]. Jain JK, Ajagannanavar SL, Jayasheel A, Bali PK, Jain CJ. Management of a fractured nonvital tooth with open apex using mineral trioxide aggregate as an apical plug. International Journal of Oral Health Sciences. 2017 Jan 1;7(1):44.
[4]. Duraivel D, Fayeez A, Poorni S, Diana D, Srinivasan MR. Management of Non Vital Teeth with Open Apex Using Endosequence Root Repair Material, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentin-A Case Series. Int J Cur Res Rev| Vol. 2017 Nov;9(22):26.
[5]. Bansal S. Endodontic Management of Open Ape x using Biodentine as an Apical Matrix.

Abstract: Intussusception of the bowel in an adult is a rare surgical emergency. Diagnosis is quite simple as the patient presents with features of intestinal obstruction. The causes are varied with adults and infants. Vanek'stumor is an inflammatory fibroid polyp with high eosinophilic infiltration. Vanek's tumour is a rare cause of intussusception in an adult. Here we present a case of a 40-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain of 3 days onset was diagnosed to have sub-acute intestinal obstruction. On further imaging, he was diagnosed to have intussusception and was taken up for emergency laparotomy. Intraoperatively the intussusception was relieved and the cause was found to be a hard intra-luminal mass. Resection of the mass with 5 cm clearance was done with end to end anastomosis. Histo-pathology revealed an inflammatory fibroid polyp.

Keywords: Intussusception, Vanek'stumor, inflammatory fibroid polyp, benign tumour

......

Abstract: Awareness of the anatomical variations of the blood supply of the hand is necessary for the anatomist but also for surgeons when considering hand surgeries. The objective of this study was to find the incidence of anatomical variations of the superficial palmar arch and describe any anatomical variation. 18 cadavers were observed for this during routine dissections of MBBS graduates in Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam. In one of the cadavers there is no superficial palmar arch but the ulnar artery alone is seen suplying the medial 3 digits. And the superficial.........

Key Words: Anatomical variations, superficial palmar arch, radial artery, ulnar artery, digital arteries

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[4]. H Bianchi, Hand Clin., 2001, 17, 139-146.
[5]. H Gellman;MJ Botte;J Shankwiler; R Gelberman,Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res., 2001, 383, 46-47..

Abstract: Context: Ovarian tumours represent about 30% of all cancers of the female genital system. They manifest in a wide spectrum of clinical, morphological and histological features. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of ovarian tumors with respect to age, laterality, gross features, biological nature and to classify different histological types according to recent WHO classification (2014) in the population attending our hospital. Materials and Methods: This.......

Key Words: Ovarian tumors, 2014 WHO Classification, Histopathology

[1]. Robert J.Kurman, Maria LusiaCarcangiu, C.Simon Herrington, RobertH.Young,(Eds): WHO Classification of Tumors of Female Reproductive Organs.IARC: Lyon 2014,pg no. 11-83 .
[2]. Dr.Nehagarg, Dr. AS Anand, Dr.ChayaAnnigeri ; Study of histomorphological spectrum of ovarian tumors; Inernational Journal of Medical and Health Research, Vol 3, Issue 10, October 2017; page 12-20.
[3]. Prakash A, Chinthakindi S, Duraiswami R, Indira.V. Histopathological study of ovarian lesions in a tertiary care center in Hyderabad, India-a retrospective five-year study. Int J Adv Med 2017;4:745-9.
[4]. Aparnadutta, Reshma Imran, Projnansaikia, MonditaBorgohain; Histopathological spectrum of ovarian neoplasms in a tertiary care hospital; International journal of contemporary medical research, Vol 5, Issue 8, August 2018, pg 111-114.
[5]. KarTushar, KarAsaranti, Mohapatra P C ; Intra-operative cytology of ovarian tumours ,J ObstetGynecol India Vol. 55, No. 4 : July/August 2005 Pg 345-349.

Abstract: Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes is a common autoimmune endocrine disease in children and adolescents. The presence of auto antibodies targeted against β-cell antigens represents the autoimmune character of Type 1 Diabetes. Due to this autoimmune basis, individuals with Type 1 Diabetes are at increased risk for the development of additional autoimmune disorders compared with the general population. Material & MethodsA cross sectional observational........

Keyword: type 1 diabetes, thyroid disorders, thyroid auto immunity, correlate

[1]. L.C.G. de Graaff, J.W.A. Smit, J.K. Radder. Prevalence and clinical significance of organ-specific autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Neth J Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;65(7):235-47.
[2]. Gregory Goodwin, Lisa K. Volkening, d Lori M.B. Laffel. Younger Age at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes in Concordant Sibling Pairs Is Associated With Increased Risk for Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. Diabetes Care 2006; 29:1397-1398.
[3]. Jennifer M. Barker. Type 1 Diabetes-Associated Autoimmunity Natural History, Genetic Associations, and Screening. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Apr;91(4):1210-7.
[4]. R Sathish, V Mohan. Diabetes and thyroid diseases- A review.Int. J. Diab. Dev. Countries 2003;2003:120-123.
[5]. Roldan MB, Alonso M, Barrio R. Thyroid autoimmunity in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Diabetes Nutr Metabolism 1999 Feb;12(1):27-31...

Abstract: Background: Bacterial meningitis constitutes one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Pediatric population. The prevalence of common pathogens has reduced in developing countries with implementation of successful vaccination against the pathogens. Laboratory surveillance of pathogens is crucial in formulating the empirical treatment guidelines in suspected cases of Bacterial meningitis. We conducted this study to determine the clinical profile and bacterial pathogen pattern in such cases in a tertiary center. Methods: A Single blinded Prospective study was conducted over one and half year duration and all suspected cases of acute bacterial meningitis were included in the study. Clinical features were recorded.CSF culture was done and biochemical analysis & cell counts of CSF were performed. Results were analyzed using SPSS 11.2 software version.......

Keyword: Acute bacterial meningitis, Clinical Profile, Cerebro spinal fluid, Etiological profile

[1]. Tunkel AR, Scheld WM. Acute meningitis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2000. p. 959-96.
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[3]. Quagliarello VJ, Scheld WM. Treatment of bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 1997;336(10):708-16.
[4]. Beck PD, Rainier-Pope CR. The assessment of the value of a reagent strip in testing cerebrospinal fluid. S Afr Med J 1966;40:882-4.
[5]. Bonev V, Gledhill RF. Use of reagent strips to diagnose bacterial meningitis. Lancet 1997;349:287-8.

Abstract: Dengue fever is a major worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality. Serum free calcium (Ca2+) plays an important role in cardiac and circulatory function.We evaluated the correlation between severity of dengue and the serum free calcium.

[1]. Guzman MG, Kouri G (2002) Dengue: an update. Lancet Infect Dis 2: 33-42.
[2]. Guzman MG, Halstead SB, Artsob H, Buchy P, Farrar J,Gubler DJ, Hunsperger E, Kroeger A, Margolis HS, Martínez E, Nathan MB, Pelegrino JL, Simmons C, Yoksan S, Peeling RW (2010) Dengue: a continuing global threat. Nat Rev Microbiol 8: S7-S16.
[3]. World Health Organization. Comprehensive Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Dengue and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever. New Delhi, India, World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2011.
[4]. National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Directorate General of Health Service. Dengue Cases and Deaths in the Country since 2010. Available from: www.nvbdcp.gov.in/den-cd.html[Accessed 21st July 2016].
[5]. Godwin R Constantine et.al, Hypocalcaemia is associated with disease severity in patients with dengue. J Infect Dev Ctries 2014; 8(9):1205-1209....

Abstract: Diabetes manifests clinically as liver function deteriorates which is coined as Hepatogenous Diabetes [HD]. The presence of HD in cirrhotic patients is considered as an indicator of advanced liver disease. This cross sectional study comprising of 88 Cirrhotic patients was done to assess the prevalence of HD in cirrhotic patients in a tertiary care centre in Chennai, South India. Patients were assessed for liver function, Insulin resistance was measured by fasting insulin levels and incorporating in HOMA-IR formula and DM was diagnosed by Fating plasma glucose........

Keyword: hepatogenic diabetes, cirrhosis, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR

[1]. Kim WR, Brown RS Jr, Terrault NA, El-Serag H. Burden of liver disease in the United States: summary of a workshop. Hepatology 2002;36:227–242
[2]. Sohrabpour AA, Rezvan H, AminiKafiabad S, Dayhim MR, Merat S, Pourshams A. Prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in Iran: a population based study. Middle East J Dig Dis 2010; 2:14–9.
[3]. Muller MJ, Pirlich M, Balks HJ, Selberg O. Glucose intolerance in liver cirrhosis: role of of hepatic and non-hepatic influences. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1994;32:749-758.
[4]. Bianchi G, Marchesini G, Zoli M, Bugianesi E, Fabbri A, Pisi E. Prognostic significance of diabetes in patients with cirrhosis. HEPATOL-OGY 1994;20:119-125.
[5]. Hickman IJ, Macdonald GA. Impact of diabetes on the severity of liver disease. Am J Med. 2007;120:829–834....

Abstract: Waardenburg syndrome is a group of rare genetic conditions that include: pigmentary disturbances of skin, eyes and nails, hearing loss, wide bridge of the nose etc. Symptoms vary from one type of the syndrome to another and from one patient to another. A 19 year old female came with the chief complaints of generalized swelling of the body associated with shortness of breath since 15 days. Similar episode is present in the past, 1 year before. She has Hypothyroidism since 2years, under medication.It is disease of improper migration of cells during embryogenesis that is inherited in autosomal dominant pattern. It is due to the defect in genes encoding the regulatory proteins of cell migration.

Keyword: Nephrotic syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome.

[1]. "Waardenburg syndrome. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-04-17.

[2]. "Waardenburg syndrome". Genetics Home Reference. October 2012

[3]. Dourmishev AL, Dourmishev LA, Schwartz RA, Janniger CK. Waardenburg syndrome. Int J Dermatol 1999;38:656-63.

[4]. Egbalian F (2008). "Waardenburg-Shah Syndrome; A Case Report and Review of the Literature" (PDF). Iranian Journal of Pediatrics. 18 (1): 71–74

[5]. Sheffer R, Zlotogora J. Autosomal dominant inheritance of Klein-Waardenburg syndrome. Am J Med Genet 1992;42:320-2...

Abstract: In India mothers are the main caregivers of intellectually disabled children. The study is to investigate the prevalence of depression in their mothers in a teaching hospital, Tamil Nadu. Objectives: The objective of the study is to investigate the prevalence of depression in mothers. Study design: A cross sectional study Results: The mean age of intellectually disabled children was 12.56 years. Average education of mother was 6.92 years. The mean IQ was 47.5. The prevalence of depression in mother was 48% and it is seen among mother's of Moderate and Severe Intellectual disability. 92% of mothers had anxiety

Keyword: Depression, Anxiety, Intellectually disabled, mothers

[1]. Al-Kuwari MG. Psychological health of mothers caring for mentally disabled children in Qatar. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2007: 12:312-7.
[2]. Emerson E, Robertson J, Wood J. Levels of psychological distress experienced by family carers of children and adolescent with intellectual disabilities in an urban conurbation. J Appl Intellect Disabil 2004;17:77-84.
[3]. Manuel J, Naughton MJ, Balkrishnan, R, Paterson Smith B, Koman LA. Stress and adaptation in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Psychol 2003:28:197-201.
[4]. Silver EJ, Westbrook LE, Stein RE. Relationship of parental psychological distress to consequences of chronic health conditions in children. J Pediatr Psychol 1998;23:5-15.
[5]. Sloper P, Turner S. Risk and resistance factors in the adaptation of parents of children with severe physical disability. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1993;34:167-88..

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin is the natural covering of the human body and is the largest organ by virtue of its extensive surface area. It serves a variety of functions ranging from protection of the underlying tissue to the maintenance of haemostasis. The skin is subjected to a variety of insults ranging from external trauma, infectious disease, noxious stimuli, and internal metabolic disorder. Ulcers are defined simply as a break in the continuity of the covering epithelium........

Keyword: wound healing, collagen granules, ulcer

[1]. Alvarez O, Hefton JM, Eaglestein EW : Healing wounds : occlusion or exposure. Infection in Surgery. 1984; 3: 173-181.

[2]. Bates- Jensen B. Wound C.A.R.E. An Acronym for Action. JWOCN 1995,22: 206-209.

[3]. Bettmen AG: Burns treatment of shock and toxaemia, healing of wounds. Reconstruction. Am J. Surg. 20:33-37 (April), 1993.

[4]. Charles L. Fox, Jr and Shanta M. Modak Antimicrob agents chemother 1974 June; 5(6): 582-588.

[5]. Coan C.L.: Ferric chloride coagulation in treatment of burns with resume of tannic acid, treatment Surg. Gyn & Obst. 6:687-692. No. 1935..

Abstract: Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune-mediated disease, mainly driven by Th1 cells. Prevalence of RA is approximately 0.8% of population (range 0.13-1.2%). Overall prevalence of RA is three times higher in women than in men Vitamin D may have a role in Rheumatoid arthritis because it suppresses Th1 cells which are a part of adaptive immunity. Data obtained from animal models show that the VDR ligand along with other factors may control the development of RA 5.Due to possible role of vitamin D in development of RA and its severity, we conducted this study to find out correlation between rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and serum Vitamin D level.......

Keyword: American college of Rheumatology (ACR), Rheumatoid arthritis,DAS-28 score, Autoimmune

[1]. Hollick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007;357:266-281.
[2]. Harinarayan Cv, Joshi Sr. vitamin D status in India-Its implications and remedial measures. J Assoc Physicians India 2009;57:40-48.
[3]. Marwaha rK, Sripathy G. vitamin D and bone mineral density of healthy school children in northern India. Indian J Med Res2008;127:239-244.

[4]. Harinarayan Cv. Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in postmenopausal South Indian women. Osteoporos Int 2005;16:397-402.
[5]. Cherniack EP, Florez H, Roos BA, Troen BR, Levis S. Hypovitaminosis D in the elderly: from bone to brain. J Nutr Health Aging 2008;12:366-73....

Abstract: An edentulous space in the mandibular anterior region can produce a psychological impact on the young patient and is one of the most difficult esthetic challenges in dentistry. With the advent of resin cements , Maryland bridge are highly effective treatment option in these situations resulting in high levels of patient satisfaction. Provisional restorations are not much documented for Maryland bridge and needs its due consideration while treatment planning. This clinical report describes an efficient and simplified technique for provisionalisation of Maryland bridge.

Keyword: Maryland Bridge, Provisional Restoration, Interim prosthesis

[1]. Howe DF, Denehy GE (1977) Anterior fixed partial dentures utilizing the acid-etch technique and a cast metal framework. J Prosthet Dent 37: 28-31.

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[3]. D. R. Federick (1975) "The provisional fixed partial denture," J Prosthet Dent 34 : 520-526.

[4]. Stolpa JB (1975) An adhesive technique for small anterior fixed partial dentures. J Prosthet Dent 34: 513-519.

[5]. Shilingburg HT, Hobo S (1997) Fundamentals of fixed prosthodontics, 3rd edition, Quintessence Publishing Co Inc, IL, USA..

Abstract: Introduction: Today's medical educators are facing different challenges than their predecessors in teaching tomorrow's physicians. In the past few decades, changes in health care delivery and advances in medicine have increased demands on academic faculty, resulting in less time for teaching than has previously been the case. Changes in sites of health care delivery, from acute care institutions to community-based settings for chronic care, have required adaptations in educational venues. Materials and Methods: The study will be performed for 1 year in the Department of Physiology, M.G.M Medical College, Jamshedpur. 200 Students aged 18-25 years of either gender who are studying first year MBBS in MGM......

Keyword: E learning, medical Education, Flexibility.

[1]. Verdú E, Regueras LM, Gal E, de Castro JP, Verdú MJ, Kohen-Vacs D. Integration of an intelligent tutoring system in a course of computer network design. Educ Technol Research Dev 2017;65(3):653–77.
[2]. Alonso V, Arranz O. Big Data & eLearning: A Binomial to the Future of the Knowledge Society. Int J Interact Multimed Artif Intelligence 2016;3(6):29–33.
[3]. Dolmans DHJM, Schmidt HG. What Do We Know About Cognitive and Motivational Effects of Small Group Tutorials in Problem-Based Learning?. Adv Health Sci Educ 2006;11(4):321–36.

[4]. Visschers-Pleijers AJSF, Dolmans DHJM, Wolfhagen HAP, van der Vleuten CPM. Exploration of a method to analyze group interactions in problem-based learning. Med Teach 2004;26(5):471–8.
[5]. Dochy F, Segers M, van den Bossche P, Gijbels D. Effects of problem-based learning: a meta-analysis. Learn Instruct 2003;13(5):533–68.