iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2020

Abstract: Hepatobiliary disorders are some of the commonest disorders of the digestive system. Hepatobiliary diseases refer to any condition that affects the liver, gallbladder and the bile duct. Present study included 178 cases of hepatobiliary disorders admitted in surgical wards of Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar with the aim to study the incidence, clinical pattern, etiology, risk factors, treatment pattern, operations performed and complications in various disorders of hepatobiliary disorders. It was observed that Cholelithiais with chronic cholecystitis was the most common gall bladder disease. Cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis was most common biliary tract disorder. Liver abscesses were the predominant disease amongst liver disorders.

Key Word: Hepatobiliary, Cholelithiasis, Choledocholithiasis, Acute cholangitis, Hepatic abscesses

[1]. Vaidya AB, Ray DK. Amoebiasis: the tropical scourge. Science Today (India). 1982:21
[2]. McFadzean AJ, Chang KP, Wong CC. Solitary pyogenic abscess of the liver treated by closed aspiration and antibiotics: a report of 14 consecutive cases with recovery. British Journal of Surgery. 1953 Sep;41(166):141-52.
[3]. Mangukiya DO, Darshan JR, Kanani VK, Gupta ST. A prospective series case study of pyogenic liver abscess: recent trands in etiology and management. Indian Journal of Surgery. 2012 Oct 1;74(5):385-90.
[4]. Channanna C, Rehman FU, Choudhuri B, Patil A. A clinical study, diagnosis and management of Liver Abscess at VIMS, Bellary. Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Health Care. 2014;1:668-85.
[5]. Jarnagin WR, editor. Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016; 12(3): 511.

Abstract: Background: Leiomyomas are one of the most common soft tissue tumours. Extrauterine leiomyomas are rare especially in urethra and usually occur in females of reproductive age group. Case history: 27 year old postpartum female presented with a vaginal mass which bleeds on touch. On examination, a 3x2 cm mass was seen arising from the external meatus. Surgical excision was done. Grossly, it was an encapsulated nodular mass measuring 2x2x1 cm and grey white and firm on cut section. Microscopy revealed short fascicles and bundles of benign spindle cells without atypia and a diagnosis of leiomyoma was made. Massons trichrome staining supported the diagnosis. Conclusion: Here we are reporting a case of leiomyoma of urethra in a young female owing to the rarity of the entity.

Keywords: Leiomyoma, urethra, female

[1]. Mira JL, Fan G. Leiomyoma of the Male Urethra - A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000;124:302–303
[2]. Beng Kwang N, Naidu A, Yahaya A, Pei Shan L. Urethral Leiomyoma: A Rare Clinical Entity. Case Rep Surg. 2016;2016:6037104.
[3]. de Lima Junior MM, Sampaio CB, Ticianeli JG, de Lima MM, Granja F. Leiomyoma--a rare benign tumor of the female urethra: a case report. J Med Case Rep.2014;8:366.
[4]. Alan M, Gökçü M, Ünlüoğlu S, Sancı M. Urethral Leiomyoma: A Case Report. The Bulletin of Urooncol. 2018;17(4):153-155.

Abstract: Background And Objectives In Comparison to CT, MRI provides better soft tissue contrast. It also provides superior imaging information of the intracranial structures. MRI is the advanced imaging of choice for evaluation of the optic nerve, other cranial nerves, and intracranial lesions. The choice of imaging of the orbits at the crucial initial stage depends on the clinical derivation. CT is oftenly suggested for trauma, for evaluation of the bony orbits or calcified lesions, especially when MRI is contraindicated. Material and Methods: To demonstrate usefulness of Toshiba lightning aquilion 16 slice multi detector computerized tomography (MDCT) scan in diagnosis.........

Key word: Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), orbital masses, proptosis

[1]. Font RL, Patipa M, Rosenbaum PS, et al: Correlation of computed tomographic and histopathologic features in malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor of lacrimal gland. Surv Ophthalmol 34(6):449–452, 1990.
[2]. Valvassori GE: Imaging of orbital lymphoproliferative disorders. Radiol Clin North Am 37:135–150, 1999.
[3]. Ansari SA, Pak J, Shields M: Pathology and imaging of the lacrimal drainage system. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 15:221–237, 2005.
[4]. Del Grande F, Santini F, Herzka DA, et al: Fat suppression techniques for 3-T MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system. Radiographics 34(1):217–233, 2014.
[5]. Johnson G, Miller DM, MacManus D, et al: STIR sequences in NMR imaging of the optic nerve. Neuroradiology 29:238–245, 1987.

Abstract: Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disorder and one of the most prevalent type of eczema. More than 14 % of people in Bangladesh suffers atopic dermatitis which is mostly visible as a red, itchy rash normally on the arms, limbs, cheeks and legs even any external parts on the human body.1 Atopic dermatitis typically started from childhood within the first six months of a baby's life. Although, it's a common form of eczema, it lasts longer and its onset of action is very severe. Children are mostly exposed in AD.2 Objective: The study was to identify the childhood prevalence of atopic dermatitis and responsible factor associated with the diseases.......

Key words: Dermatitis, Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, Eczema

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Abstract: Stem cells are clonogenic undifferentiated cells which are capable of self renewable.Dental stem cells are type of adult stem cells that exhibits multipotent differentiation capacity and is drawing world wide attention because of its various applications in dentistry. Aim: To assess and compare the knowledge and attitude about dental stem cells among dental practitioners and dental faculty.
Methodology:The study was a questionnaire based study where in the questionnaire regarding dental stem cells were given among 100 dental private practitioners from Nagpur and dental faculty comprising of MDS and BDS faculty from 3 different dental colleges.The questionnaire was developed to assess the knowledge and attitude of private dental practitioners and dental faculty.

Keywords: Dental stem cells, dental practitioner's and dental faculty.

[1]. Paritan K Chitroda, Girish Katti, Nikhat M Attar et al. Stem cells in dentistry: A study regarding awareness of stem cells among dental professionals. Journal of dental research. 2017;28(6):711-16.
[2]. RA Basson, DS Moodley, A Olivera, NJ Basson. A survey of the opinions of dentists regarding stem cells in dentistry.SADJ.2016;71(8):351-355.
[3]. Casagrande L, Mattuella LG, de Araujo FB, Eduardo J. Stem cells in dental practice: Perspectives in conservative pulp therapies. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2006;31:25-7.
[4]. Mathew AsizideSede, OchuwaAudu, Clement Chinedu Azodo. Stem cells in Dentistry: Knowledge and attitude of Nigerian Dentists .BMC Oral Health 2013;13:27-35.
[5]. 5. Katge F, Shetty Aj, Rusawat B et al. Knowledge and attitude of Indian.

Abstract: The oral cavity is one of the sites that presentsin the most cases manifestations resulting from chronic renal failure. Through several studies was noticed that there are changes in the mucosa, periodontal, taste, breath, and ulcerative lesions. For this study, electronic documents were used - articles published in magazines and periodicals (Portal Capes, BVS, Bireme) and printed documents such as books, undergraduate and graduate studies and dissertations. This work aimed to document the prevalence of oral manifestations in chronic renal patients at the Renal Therapy Center, in Teresina - Piauí, through a succinct assessment with PPE's, tongue lowering and artificial lighting, in addition to a questionnaire. This work is approved by the ethics and research committee....

Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Dentistry, Periodontal disease, Chronic renal failure, Immunosuppression

[1]. ALMEIDA, D. C. D.; MACHADO, W. A. S.; TOSTES, F. R. V.; SANTANA, R. B.; Interrelação entre insuficiência renal crônica em hemodiálise e doença periodontal; 2009.
[2]. CARDOSO, N. M. M.; Fatores associados à prevalência de edentulismo em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise: um estudo transversal em Minas Gerais; 2015.[3]. COSTA FILHO, J. Z.; PADILHA, W. S. M.; SANTOS, E. K. N.; Rev. cir. traumatol. bucomaxilo- facial; 7(2) abril-junho. 2007.
[4]. DIAS, M. D. S.; DANTAS, M. E.; MACEDO, A. G. D. O.; CUNHA, A. F. D.;A relação entre doença periodontal e doença renal crônica, 2012.
[5]. DIEGOLI, H.; SILVA, M. C. G.; MACHADO, D. S. B.; CRUZ, C. E. R. N.;Encaminhamento tardio ao nefrologista e a associação com mortalidade em pacientes em hemodiálise. J Bras Nefrol; 37(1), 2015.

Abstract: Background Flexible fibreoptic brochoscopy is a widely used therapeutic and diagnostic procedure. Currently different anaesthetic agents are used for sedation during fibreoptic bronchoscopy. The primary aim of our study is to compare the respiratory and hemodynamic variables between dexmedetomidine-propofol with fentanyl-propofol during flexible bronchoscopy. Our secondary aim is to see cough reflex response, recovery time, number of propofol rescue doses used and satisfaction of bronchoscopist. Patients and methods 100 patients were.....

[1]. G, Qian H and Grafstein E: Does the sedation regimen affect adverse events during procedural sedation and analgesia in injection drug users? CJEM 15: 279‑288, 2013.
[2]. Poi PJ, Chuah SY, Srinivas P and Liam CK: Common fears of patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Eur Respir J 11: 1147‑1149, 1998. 2. Xavier Scheuermeyer F, Andolfatto
[3]. Du Rand IA, Blaikley J, Booton R, Chaudhuri N, Gupta V, Khalid S, Mandal S, Martin J, Mills J, Navani N, Rahman NM, Wrightson JM, Munavvar M; British Thoracic Society Bronchoscopy Guideline Group: British Thoracic Society guideline for diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy in adults: accredited by NICE. Thorax 2013; 68(suppl 1):i1–i44.
[4]. Wahidi MM, Jain P, Jantz M, Lee P, Mackensen GB, Barbour SY, Lamb C, Silvestri GA: American College of Chest Physicians consensus statement on the use of topical anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation during flexible bronchoscopy in adult patients. Chest 2011; 140: 1342–1350.
[5]. Putinati S, Ballerin L, Corbetta L, Trevisani L and Potena A: Patient satisfaction with conscious sedation for bronchoscopy. Chest 115: 1437‑1440, 1999. 4.

Abstract: Introduction: Fractures of lower end of radius constitute 17% of all fractures and 75% of all forearm fractures. It occurs in the middle aged and elderly women commonly. It also occurs in the young men with high velocity injury. Distal radial fractures are treated with a variety of techniques. ORIF is indicated to address the unstable distal radius fractures and those with articular incongruity that cannot be anatomically reduced and maintained through other techniques. ORIF with a volar locking compression plate system is currently followed for treating Distal radius fractures resulting in good reduction and also provide immediate stability. The patients can be mobilized early and potentially reducing wrist stiffness.Aim : To assess the clinical and functional outcome of fracture distal radius treated with volar locking plate and to observe the complications associated with volar locking plate of distal radius.Methods.....

Keywords: Distal radius fractures ,Unstable fractures ,Open Reduction and Internal Fixation ,LCP,Volar approach.

[1]. Colles A. On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinburgh MedSurg 1814;10:182–6.
[2]. Ruch DS, Papadonikolakis A. Volar versus dorsal plating in the management of intra-articular distal radius fractures. J Hand SurgAmer2006;31:9-16.
[3]. Beaton DE, Wright JG, Katz JN. Development of the Quick-DASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1038-46
[4]. YukichiZenke, MD, PhD,*† Akinori Sakai, MD, PhD,† ToshihisaOshige, MD, PhD,† Shiro Moritani, MD,* Yoshifumi Fuse, MD,* Takashi Maehara, MD, PhD,* and Toshitaka Nakamura, MD, PhD† : Clinical Results of Volar Locking Plate for Distal Radius Fractures: Conventional versus Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis J Orthop Trauma Volume 25, Number7, July 2011
[5]. Tamara D. Rozental, Philip E. Blazar, Orrin I. Franko, Aron T. Chacko, Brandon E. Earp and Charles S. Day: Functional Outcomes for Unstable Distal Radial Fractures Treated with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation or Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Fixation. A Prospective Randomized Trial.J Bone Joint Surg Am 2009;91:1837-1846. doi:10.2106/ JBJS.H.01478

Abstract: This paper consists of Study on Comparison of Clinical Presentation, Surgical Procedure and their Complications of Primary Vaginal Hydrocele in Patients at Government General Hospital (GGH), Kakinada. The Objectives of this study is to assess age of occurrence, Duration of Hydrocele, Types of Procedure and Complications. The methods followed are Cross Sectional, Observational study of 180 Patients at GGH, Kakinada from December 2018-19. In my Study most common presenting symptom is Unilateral more on left sided with least recurrence and less complications with Lord's plication. Based on my study, I conclude that in small and thin walled sac Lord's plication is the best with least complications and for large thick wall sub-total excision of sac is the best procedure.

Keywords: Haematocele, Hydrocele, Lord's Plication, Pyocele,Scrotum.

[1]. RAUSSELL rcg, Williams S. Norman., Bulstrode J.K. Christopher." The Testis and Scrotum", Chapter 68, Bailey & Love's short practice of surgery (27th edition), Arnold Publishers, London.
[2]. Lord PH. A bloodless operation for radical cure of idiopathic hydrocele. British Journal of Surg1964; 51: 914-964.
[3]. Jaboulay M. Chirurgie des centres nervenx, des viscereset des members. LyonStork 1902; 2: 192.
[4]. Das S. "Testis, epididymis and scrotum". Chapter 60, S. Das "Concise text book of surgery". Dr. S. DAS, 8th edition, Calcutta 2012: 1285-87.
[5]. Campbell Walsh urology 10thed, United States of America: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: p.1009-1010.
[6]. Ku JH, et al. The excisional plication and internal drainage techniques: a comparison of the results for idiopathic hydrocele. BJU Ent 2001; 87(1): 82-84..

Abstract: The frenum is a mucous membrane fold that attaches the lip and the cheek to the alveolar mucosa, the gingiva, and the underlying periosteum. The maxillary frenum may present aesthetic problems or compromise theorthodontic result in the midline diastemacases, thus causing a recurrence after the treatment. Themanagement of such an aberrant frenum is accomplished by performing a frenectomy. The present article is a compilation of a brief overview about the frenum,andfrenectomy with a case report.

Keywords: diastema, frenectomy, midline space closure

[1]. Newman M, Takei H, Klokkevold P, Carranza F. Periodontalplastic and esthetic surgery. In: Carranza FA, editor. Carranza'sClinical Periodontology. 10th ed. MO: Saunders: St. Louis,Missouri: An Imprint of Elsevier Science; 2006. p. 1023-4.
[2]. Placek M, Miroslav S, Mrklas L. Significance of the labial frenal attachment in periodontal disease in man. Part 1; Classificationand epidemiology of the labial frenum attachment. J Periodontol 1974;45:891-4.
[3]. Devishree, Sheela Kumar Gujjari, and P.V. Shubhashini, Frenectomy: A Review with the Reports of Surgical TechniquesJClinDiagn Res. 2012 Nov; 6(9): 1587–1592.
[4]. 4.Miller PD Jr. The frenectomy combined with a laterally positioned pedicle graft. Functional and estheticconsiderations.JPeriodontol 1985;56:102-6.
[5]. Kruger GO. Acquired defects of the hard and soft tissues of the face. In: Gustav O Kruger., editor. Frenectomy: A Review with the Reports of Surgical Techniques 17 of 18 28-01-2020 15:24 Oral and maxillofacial surgery. St. Louis: Mosby; pp. 487–88..